ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻧﺎﻧﻮذره ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي رﯾﺨﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ و ﺗﺸﺮﯾﺤﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه ﮔﻮﺟﻪ ﮔﯿﻼﺳﯽ Solanum lycopersicum L.var. cerasiforme

The effect of Selenium nanoparticles on some morphological and anatomical features of Cherry tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.var. cerasiforme)

ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم ﻋﻨﺼﺮي ﺳﻮدﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮاص آﻧﺘﯽ اﮐﺴﯿﺪاﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ رﺷﺪ و ﺑﺮدﺑﺎري ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم ﺑﺮ رﺷﺪﮔﯿﺎه ﮔﻮﺟﻪ ﮔﯿﻼﺳﯽ، ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻠﻨﺎت ﺳﺪﯾﻢ )ﺑﺎﻟﮏ( و ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم در 4 ﺳﻄﺢ )ﺻﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺎﻫﺪ، 4 ،2 و 10 ﭘﯽ ﭘﯽ م( اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻧﺎﻧﻮذره ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم و اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ در ﺳﻄﺢ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل 1 درﺻﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮردﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ وزن ﺗﺮ، وزن ﺧﺸﮏ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺸﺮﯾﺤﯽ رﯾﺸﻪ و ﺳﺎﻗﻪ و ﺑﺮگ، ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ( ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار اﺳﺖ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ در ﺳﺎﻗﻪ، رﯾﺸﻪ و ﺑﺮگ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻗﻄﺮ رﯾﺸﻪ و ﺑﺮگ در ﮔﺮوه 4 ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم )21/55 و 1/1 درﺻﺪي( در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺳﺒﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. روﻧﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺸﯽ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ اﺳﺘﻮاﻧﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي رﯾﺸﻪ و ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم و ﺳﻠﻨﺎت ﺑﺎﻟﮏ ﻫﺮ دو ﺳﺒﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻤﺎﯾﺰ آوﻧﺪ ﭼﻮب در ﺑﺮگ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 2 و 4 ﭘﯽ ﭘﯽ ام ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم ﺳﺒﺐ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي رﺷﺪي و ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻣﻬﺎريppm 10 ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم ﺳﺒﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ر ﺷﺪي، ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي رﻧﮕﯿﺰه ﻫﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮرﮐﻠﯽ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺳﻠﻨﯿﻮم در ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﮔﻮﺟﻪ ﮔﯿﻼﺳﯽ ﮐﻤﮏ ﮐﻨﺪ و ﺳﺒﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ رﺷﺪ و رﻧﮕﯿﺰه ﻫﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﮔﺮدد و ﺗﻤﺎﯾﺰ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎ و ﺗﮑﻮﯾﻦ اﻧﺪام ﻫﺎ را ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻗﺮار دﻫﺪ.

Selenium is a beneficial element with antioxidant properties that increases plant growth and tolerance to abiotic stresses. In order to investigate the effect of Nano Selenium solution treatments on Cherry Tomato plant growth, treatments including Sodium Selenate (bulk) and Selenium nanoparticles were applied at four levels (0 as control, 2, 4 and 10 ppm). The experimental results showed that interaction between Selenium nanoparticles and all studied traits (fresh weight, dry weight, anatomical indices of roots and stems and leaves, chlorophyll content) were significantly different at 1% level. Treatments caused morphological changes in stems, roots and leaves compared to controls. The highest increase in root and leaf diameter was observed in group four Nano Selenium (21.55 and 1.1%) compared to the control. All treatments reduced stem diameter compared to control. An increasing trend of root and stem central cylinder thickness was observed in proportion to the concentration compared to the control. Both Nano-Selenium and bulk Selenate reduced the differentiation of xylem vessels in leaves compared to the controls. The results of studied morphological and anatomical traits indicated that the use of two levels of Nano-Selenium concentrations, 2 and 4 ppm, improved the growth parameters, in contrast, application of 10 ppm Nano-Selenium concentration reduced the growth parameter, the content of plant pigments in comparison with the control sample. Over ally, the results showed that Selenium treatment in appropriate amounts can contribute to the optimal yield of cherry tomatoes and increase plant growth and pigmentation and affect tissue differentiation and organ development.