تبيين چارچوب عقلانيت بر اساس آموزه‌هاي اسلامي و سهم‌ ياري‌هاي آن براي مديريت دولتي

Explain the Framework of Rationality Based on the Islamic Teachings and Its Contributions to Public Administration

نظام‌هاي سياسي كه حاكميت خود را با ابزاري به نام دولت اعمال كرده­اند، در اداره امور عمومي مملكت خويش رويكرد و راهبردي را در پيش گرفته ­اند كه مبتني بر نظريه‌اي راجع به عقلانيت بوده است. مسئله اصلي اين پژوهش، يافتن رويكرد اسلام (آيات قرآن كريم و روايات معصومان) (ع) به عقلانيت و سهم ياري‌هاي آن براي مديريت دولتي اسلامي است. اين پژوهش از نوع كيفي بوده و راهبرد آن تحليل مضمون است كه طي آن با رجوع به منابع معتبر و جستجوي واژه عقل و مشتقات و مترادفات آن، آيات و روايات منتخب با استفاده از الگوي كينگ و هوركس تحليل مضمون گرديد تا اينكه شبكه نهايي مضامين شكل گرفت. بر اين اساس، عقلانيت اسلامي داراي سه بُعد اصلي: زمينه ­ها، پيامدها و ساحت­هاي عقلانيت شامل سه ساحت «انديشه­ها، بينش­ها و نگرش­ها»، «گرايش­ها و انگيزه ­ها و منش ­ها» و «اعمال و رفتارها» بود. در ساحت انديشه، مضامين ناظر به شرايط لازم و حداقلي عقلانيت، عنوان «تمييزمحوري» و مضامين ناظر به شرايط ايدئال و آرماني عقلانيت، عنوان «توحيدگرايي» گرفتند. همچنين در ساحت صفات، مضامين ناظر به شرايط لازم و حداقلي، عنوان «اعتدال­محوري» و مضامين ناظر به شرايط ايدئال و آرماني عقلانيت، عنوان «تعالي­ گرايي» گرفتند. در ساحت اعمال نيز مضامين ناظر به شرايط لازم و حداقلي، عنوان «عدالت ­محوري» و مضامين ناظر به شرايط ايدئال و آرماني عقلانيت، عنوان «احسان­ گرايي» گرفتند. در نهايت با تحليل شبكه مضامين حاصله، سهم ياري ­هاي عقلانيت اسلامي براي مديريت دولتي در ابعاد مذكور ارائه گرديد.

Political systems that have exercised their sovereignty with a tool called the government have adopted an approach and strategy in managing the public affairs of their country that is based on a theory of rationality. The main issue of this research is to find the approach of Islam (verses of the Holy Quran and the narrations of the Infallibles) to rationality and its contributions to government management. This research is of qualitative type and its strategy is Thematic analysis, during which by referring to reliable sources and searching for the word intellect and its derivatives and synonyms, selected verses and narrations were analyzed using King and Horex model until the final network of themes was formed. Which consisted of three main dimensions for rationality, including the contexts, consequences, and areas of rationality (including the three areas of Thoughts, Attitudes and Insights - Tendencies, Motivations and ethos - Actions and Behaviors). In the field of thought, the themes concerning the necessary and minimum conditions of rationality were called "Distinction-oriented" and the themes concerning the ideal and ideal conditions of rationality were called "monotheism". Also in the field of attributes, the themes related to the necessary and minimum conditions were called "moderation- oriented " and the themes related to the ideal and ideal conditions of rationality were called "sublimationism". In the field of actions, the themes related to the necessary and minimum conditions were called "justice-oriented" and the themes related to the ideal and ideal conditions of rationality were called "altruism". Finally, by analyzing the resulting network of topics, the contribution of Islamic rationality grants for government management in the mentioned dimensions was presented.