ميزان آگاهي كارآموزان پزشكي بيمارستان گلستان اهواز نسبت به منشور حقوق بيماران، بر اساس گذراندن درس اخلاق پزشكي سال 1398

Evaluation of medical externship students’ awareness about the charter of patient rights based on the Medical Ethics course in 2019

اﻣﺮوزه آﻣﻮزش اﺧﻼق ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺿﺮوري‌ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ‌ﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزش ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﻣﯽ‌ﺑﺎشد. اﺧﻼق ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع آن ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ آداب و رﻓﺘﺎر ﭘﺴﻨﺪﯾﺪه ﯾﺎ ﻧﺎﭘﺴﻨﺪﯾﺪه‌اي ﻣﯽ‌ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎن ﻣﺸﺎﻏﻞ ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ رﻋﺎﯾﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ. ﺿﺮورت اﻳﺠﺎب ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻛﺎدر درﻣﺎﻧﻲ و اﻓﺮاد درﮔﻴﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﻤﺎر از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎن دوره ﻛﺎرآﻣﻮزي از ﻣﻨﺸـﻮر ﺣﻘﻮق ﺑﻴﻤﺎر آﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ داﺷﺘﻪ و ﺧﻮد را ﻣﻠﺰم ﺑﻪ رﻋﺎﻳﺖ آن ﺑﺪاﻧﻨﺪ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ روش اپيدميولوژيك ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ و ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﻘﻄﻌﻲ در ميان همه 220 داﻧﺸﺠﻮي پزشكي دوره ﻛﺎرآﻣﻮزي ﺑﻴﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن گلستان ﺷﻬﺮ اهواز اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘ. ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻤﻊآوري دادهﻫﺎ از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪاي 3 ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده شد و ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS ﻧﺴﺨﻪ 23 اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. در مطالعه حاضر ميزان آگاهي دانشجويان پزشكي به حقوق بيماران پس از گذراندن واحد درسي اخلاق پزشكي، صرف نظر از عدم وجود ارتباطي معنادار، بيشتر شده است. همچنين نتايج نشان داد كه ميان رعايت حقوق بيماران و آگاهي دانشجويان از حقوق، ارتباط معناداري وجود دارد، به نحوي كه هر چه آگاهي دانشجويان به حقوق بيماران بيشتر بوده است، توانايي شناسايي موارد عدم رعايت حقوق بيماران توسط آنها بالاتر بوده است. آﮔﺎﻫﻲ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎن ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در اغلب ﺣﻴﻄﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺸﻮر ﺣﻘﻮق ﺑﻴﻤﺎر ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﻧﺒﻮده اﺳﺖ و از آنﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ آﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد، اﺧﺘﺼﺎص واﺣﺪ درﺳﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺳﺮﻓﺼﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع در دروس دﻳﮕﺮ، ﺑﺮﮔﺰاري ﻛﺎرﮔﺎه و ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ، ﺗﻬﻴﻪ بسته هاي آﻣﻮزﺷﻲ اراﺋﻪ آن در اﺑﺘﺪاي دوره‌ي ﻛﺎرآﻣﻮزي ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ با هدف ارتقاي ﺳﻄﺢ آﮔﺎﻫﻲ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎن پيشنهاد مي­شود.

The COVID-19 pandemic crisis has led to the shift from in-person education to e-learning in universities. In addition to its many benefits, e-learning also has its own disadvantages that can have detrimental effects on the effectiveness of education during the pandemic in addition to the problems caused by the COVID-19 crisis itself. Therefore, understanding the experiences and challenges of the students of universities can help education authorities in providing appropriate solutions to alleviate some of these problems. To this aim, this qualitative research was conducted using content analysis method. Structured interviews were conducted with 24 students in various undergraduate and graduate programs. Finally, the text of the interviews was analyzed by content analysis using MaxQDA2 software. Four main categories emeraged after data analysus: "Individual barriers to the effectiveness of e-learning" (sub-categories: personality traits, effects of family environment and facilities and resources); "Inefficient education" (sub-categories: quantity, quality, and order of content presentation and evaluation); "Negative consequences"(subcategories: lost identity, psychological stress, conflict in the use of cyberspace; and "Gains" (subcategories: available content, reduced costs, eliminaton of the problems of class attendance, family attendance and spiritual empowerment). Based on the results, students face serious challenges in the family environment and educational centers, and it is necessary to provide effective solutions to solve problems in universities, specifically and in accordance with the structure of their environment.