ارزياﺑﯽ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻧﻬﺎدي- ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺧﻮﺷﻪ ﮐﺴﺐ و ﮐﺎر ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي در ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ (ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردي: ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن رﻓﺴﻨﺠﺎن)

Evaluation of institutional-organizational structure of tourism business cluster in rural areas (Case study: Central part of Rafsanjan city)

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي اﺑﺰار ﻗﺪرﺗﻤﻨﺪي ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪاي اﺳﺖ، ﺑﺤﺚ در ﻣﻮرد ﺧﻮﺷﻪﻫﺎي ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺿﺮوري اﺳـﺖ. ﯾﮑﯽ از راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ، ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﺧﻮﺷﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف: ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻧﻬﺎدﻫﺎ و رواﺑﻂ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻧﻬﺎدي ﺧﻮﺷﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي را ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﺮده و ﺳﭙﺲ راﻫﺒﺮدﻫـﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳـﺐ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﺧﻮﺷﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي اراﺋﻪ داده اﺳﺖ. روش ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ: اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف از ﻧﻮع ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ و روش، از ﻧﻮع ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ. دادهﻫـﺎي ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎن ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﻫﺎ و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻧﻬﺎدﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪه اﺳـﺖ. ﺑـﺮاي ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ دادهﻫـﺎ از روﺷـﻬﺎي ﮐﻤﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯽ )آﻣﯿﺨﺘﻪ ﻣﺘﻮاﻟﯽ( و ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰارﻫﺎي NodExcel و ExpertChoice اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻗﻠﻤﺮو ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ: ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن رﻓﺴﻨﺠﺎن در اﺳﺘﺎن ﮐﺮﻣﺎن اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﺧﻮﺷﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي در ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي رﻓﺴﻨﺠﺎن وﺟﻮد دارﻧﺪ اﻣﺎ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻧﻬﺎدﻫﺎ و ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﻫـﺎي ارﺗﺒﺎط اﻓﻘﯽ و ﻋﻤﻮدي ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺧﻮﺷﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد و اﯾـﻦ وﺿـﻌﯿﺖ ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨـﺪ ﺳـﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﯽ اﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ در ﻧﻬﺎﯾـﺖ راﻫﺒﺮدﻫـﺎي ارﺗﻘـﺎ زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎي ﺳﺨﺖ، ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﯽ ﺟﺎذﺑﻪﻫﺎ و ارﺗﻘﺎ زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎي ﻧﺮم، ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺧﻮﺷﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي در ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي رﻓﻨﺴﺠﺎن ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي ﭘﺎﯾﺪار در ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روﯾﮑﺮد ﺧﻮﺷﻪ¬اي ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻬـﻢ اﺳـﺖ و اﯾـﻦ روﯾﮑـﺮد در ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺴـﺎزي ﻫﻤﻪ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي ﻧﻘﺶ ﮐﻠﯿﺪي دارد

Introduction: Given that the tourism industry is a powerful tool for regional development, it is very important to discuss tourism clusters. One of the tourism management strategies at the geographical level is to complete the tourism cluster. Objectives: The present study has identified the existing problems in the activities of institutions and inter-institutional relations of the tourism cluster and then has presented appropriate strategies in completing the tourism cluster. Methodology: This research is applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical research in terms of nature and method. Research data were collected through interviews with owners of organizations and management of tourism-related institutions in the study area. Quantitative and qualitative methods (sequential mixing) and NodExcel and ExpertChoice software were used to analyze the data. Location: Central part of Rafsanjan city in Kerman province. Result and Discussion: The results show that there are elements of tourism cluster formation in the central part of Rafsanjan, but there is no horizontal and vertical communication between institutions and organizations in accordance with the complete cluster structure, and this situation needs to be organized. Hard infrastructure, reorganization of attractions and upgrading of soft infrastructure were proposed for the development of tourism clusters in the central part of Rafsanjan. Conclusion: For the development of sustainable tourism in rural areas, the use of a cluster approach is very important and this approach plays a key role in activating all elements of tourism