ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺷﯿﺮ ﺷﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﺷﺒﻪ اوﺗﯿﺴﻤﯽ در ﻣﻮش ﻫﺎ ي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ

The Effect of Camel Milk on Social Interaction and Repetitive Behaviors of Valproic acid-induced Autistic Rats

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: اﺧﺘﻼل ﻃﯿﻒ اوﺗﯿﺴـﻢASD) ( ﻧﻮﻋﯽ اﺧﺘﻼل ﻋﺼـﺒﯽ اﺳـﺖ ﮐﻪ رﻓﺘﺎر ﺗﮑﺮاري و اﺧﺘﻼل ارﺗﺒﺎط اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋ ﯽ دو ﻋﻼﺋﻢ اﺻـﻠﯽ آن اﺳـﺖ. ﺷـﯿﺮ ﺷـﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ داﺷـﺘﻦ ﺧﻮاص آﻧﺘﯽاﮐﺴـﯿﺪاﻧﯽ، ﺗﻌﺪﯾﻞﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺳـﯿﺴـﺘﻢ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ و ﺿـﺪاﻟﺘﻬﺎب ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ در درﻣﺎن اوﺗﯿﺴﻢ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ واﻗﻊ ﺷﻮد. ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻫﺎ: ﻣﻮشﻫﺎي ﺑﺎردار ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎد ﻓﯽ ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت داﺧﻞ ﺻﻔﺎ ﻗﯽ 500 ﻣﯿ ﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم در ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم واﻟﭙﺮ وﺋﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ )VPA( در روز 12/5 ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﯽ ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ ﺷﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﻧﻮزادﻫﺎي ﻧﺮ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻨﺞ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل، ﮔﺮوه VPA، ﮔﺮوه ﺷﯿﺮ ﺧﺎم ﺷﺘﺮ رﯾﺴﭙﺮﯾﺪون و ﮔﺮوه ﺷﯿﺮ ﺷﺘﺮ ﭘﺎﺳﺘﻮرﯾﺰه + رﯾﺴﭙﺮﯾﺪون و رﯾﺴﭙﺮﯾﺪون ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي دوره درﻣﺎن رﯾ ﺴﭙﺮﯾﺪون )mg/kg 0 /2( ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ ﺷﺪ و ﺷ ﯿﺮ ﺧﺎم و ﭘﺎﺳﺘﻮرﯾﺰه ﺷﺪه ﺷﺘﺮ روزاﻧﻪ )10 ml/kg( ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 42روز ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮش ﻫﺎ داده ﺷﺪ. آزﻣﺎﯾﺶﻫﺎي ﺗﺪاﺧﻞ رﻓﺘﺎري- اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺗﮑﺮاري در اﺑﺘﺪا و اﻧﺘﻬﺎي دوره درﻣﺎن ﺳﻨﺠﯿﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي و ﺗﺮﺟﯿﺢ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ زادهﻫﺎي ﻣﺎدراﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ VPAدرﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري داﺷﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﺗﮑﺮاري ﺧﻮدآراﺳﺘﮕﯽ در اﯾﻦ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﺲ از درﯾﺎﻓﺖ رژﯾﻢ ﺷﯿﺮ ﺷﺘﺮ و داروي رﯾﺴﭙﺮﯾﺪون، رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺗﮑﺮاري در آن ﻫﺎ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﯾﺎﻓﺖ و ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي VPA و ﻧﯿﺰ ﻗﺒﻞ از درﻣﺎن اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري داﺷﺘﻨﺪ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد. ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي، ﺗﺮﺟﯿﺢ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﺮﺟﯿﺢ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻧﯿﺰ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﺗﮑﺮاري در ﻗﺒﻞ و ﻧﯿﺰ در ﺑﻌﺪ درﻣﺎن ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري )0.001

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental syndrome with two main symptoms: repetitive behavior and social interaction disorder. Camel milk, due to its antioxidant, immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties maybe have beneficial effects on ASD. Materials and Methods: Pregnant rats were injected intraperitoneally on day 12.5 of gestation with 500 mg/kg valproic acid. Then male neonatal rats were divided into five groups: Control group, valproic acid group, camel raw milk group + risperidone, and pasteurized camel milk group + risperidone. For the treatment period, rats have injected with risperidone (0.2 mg/kg) three times a week, and raw and boiled camel milk was given daily (10 ml/kg) for 42 days. Experiments of social interaction and repetitive behavior were measured at the beginning and end of the treatment period. Results: The offspring of mothers who received valproic acid had problems in social interactions, and sociability and social preference indexes were significantly reduced. Repetitive self-glooming behaviors also increased in VPA-rats. The treatment groups improved their social and repetitive behaviors after receiving camel milk and risperidone and were significantly different from the valproic acid and pre-treatment groups. Moreover, sociability and social preference indexes showed an increase after treatment with camel milk. Sociability index, social preference, social preference index, and repetitive behaviors before and after treatment between groups improved significantly (p <0.001) after treatment. Conclusion: Treatment with a camel milk diet improved the main behaviors of autism symptoms, such as social interactions and repetitive movements.