ﺗﺄﺛ ﯿﺮ ﺗﻤﺮ ﯾﻨﺎت ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘ ﯽ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﮐﺮدﻫﺎ ي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘ ﯽ در ﻣﺮدان واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮوﺋ ﯿﻦ

The Effect of Resistance Training Intervention on Cognitive Functions in Heroin-Dependent Men

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از اﻓﺮاد واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮوﺋﯿﻦ در ﮐﺎرﮐﺮدﻫﺎي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ، ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻫﺪف ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﮐﺮدﻫﺎي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﺮدان واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮوﺋﯿﻦ ﺑﻮد. ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻫﺎ: روش اﺟﺮا، ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﻮد و ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ي و ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﭘﯿﺶ آزﻣﻮن- ﭘﺲ آزﻣﻮن ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. 30ﻧﻔﺮ از اﻓﺮاد واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮوﺋﯿﻦ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ درﻣﺎن اﻋﺘﯿﺎد در ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان، ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي اﻧﺠﺎم ﮐﺎر ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ و در دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ اﺑﺘﺪا، آزﻣﻮن اﺳﺘﺮوپ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯾﯽ و ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﮐﺎري ان ﺑﮏ را اﻧﺠﺎم دادﻧﺪ. ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ8 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ، ﻫﻔﺘﻪاي 3 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ را ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻪ ﺳﺖ 8-12ﺗﮑﺮاري ﻣﺘﺸﮑﻞ از 6ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ اﺳﺘﺮاﺣﺘﯽ 2-1دﻗ ﯿﻘﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺖﻫﺎ و 3-5دﻗ ﯿﻘﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم دادﻧﺪ. ﭘﺲ از اﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ، ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ آﻣﺪ. از آزﻣﻮن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰ ﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ اﺳﺘﺮوپ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﻨﺜﯽ )0 /026=53/5= (27/1)f ،p(، اﺳﺘﺮوپ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ )0 /001=45/14= (27/1)f ،p(، اﺳﺘﺮوپ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ )0 /019=18/6= (27/1)f ،p( و ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﮐﺎري )0 /029=p، =29/5 27/1)f(( ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻫﺎ، در ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﮐﺎري ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ زﻣﺎن واﮐﻨﺶ اﺳﺘﺮوپ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯾﯽ )ﺧﻨﺜﯽ، ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻨﻔﯽ( در ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺗﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: در ﯾﮏ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﮐﻠﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﺑﯿﺎن ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ ﯾﮏ دوره ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﮐﺮدﻫ ﺎي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ در ﻣﺮدان واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮوﺋﯿﻦ، ﺗﺄﺛ ﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ دارد .

Many heroin-dependent people have defects in cognitive functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training on cognitive functions of heroin-dependent men. Materials & Methods: The research method is quasi-experimental and applied in terms of purpose, which was done by pretest-posttest with the control group. Thirty heroin addicts from the Addiction Treatment Center in Tehran participated in study as a sample and were divided into two groups: experimental and control. Participants performed semantic strop and n-back working memory test in the pre-test. The participants of the experimental group performed resistance training sessions 3 times a week for 8 weeks in a circular manner consisting of three sets of 8-12 repetitions consisting of 6 movements with rest intervals of 1-2 minutes between sets and 3-5 minutes between movements. Finally, after the intervention, the post-test was performed. Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the variables of neutral semantic strop (f (1.27) =5/53 p=0.026), positive (f (1.27) =14/75 p=0.001), negative (f (1.27) =6/18 p=0.019) and working memory (f (1.27) =5/29 p=0.029). Due to the difference in means, in working memory, the performance of the experimental group was higher and also the semantic strope reaction time (neutral, positive and negative) was lower in the experimental group. Conclusion: In a general conclusion, it can be stated that a course of resistance training has a positive effect on cognitive functions (semantic strope and working memory) in heroin-dependent men.