طراحي و اعتباريابي الگوي بين المللي سازي آموزش عالي دانشگاه هاي علوم پزشكي كشور

Design and Validation of the Internationalization Model of Higher Education in Medical Sciences Universities

مقدمه: بين المللي سازي آموزش عالي واكنشي فعال و مبتكرانه به پديده جهاني شدن است و اين فرايند برابر اسناد بالادستي كشور به عنوان يك اولويت و ضرورت براي آموزش عالي تعيين شده است.هدف از انجام پژوهش طراحي و اعتباريابي الگوي بين المللي سازي آموزش عالي براي دانشگاه هاي علوم پزشكي كشور بود. روش كار: براي انجام پژوهش از روش تحقيق تركيبي استفاده گرديد.در بخش كيفي از طريق نظريه زمينه اي با بررسي متون و مصاحبه نيمه ساختار يافته با 20 نفر از خبرگان الگوي بين المللي سازي طراحي و در بخش كمي اعتبار و برازش الگو با تكميل پرسشنامه توسط 124 نفر از صاحبنظران از طريق تحليل مدل يابي معادلات ساختاري تعيين شد. نتايج: الگوي بين المللي سازي آموزش عالي دانشگاه هاي علوم پزشكي داري 16 عامل اصلي و 71 عامل فرعي است، عوامل اصلي شامل 8 عامل شرايطي(حاكميت-مديريت دانشگاه-اساتيد- فناوري اطلاعات-زبان و فرهنگ-ساختار دانشگاه-مديريت منابع انساني-مديريت منابع فيزيكي و مالي) 4 عامل فرايندي(كاركرد دولت- مديريت امور بين الملل- آموزش بين المللي- پژوهش بين المللي) و 4 عامل پيامدي( توسعه كشور- توسعه دانشگاه-دانشجو و دانش آموخته-تعالي سازماني دانشگاه)است. در بخش كمي نتايج تحليل عاملي مرتبه اول و دوم نشان داد كه عوامل 16 گانه داراي بار عاملي كافي جهت پيش بيني الگوي بين المللي سازي آموزش عالي هستند. شاخص هاي اندازه گيري برازش الگوي نهايي از جمله مقدار نسبت مجذور خي به درجه آزادي (CMIN/DF) برابر با 2/068 ، مقدار شاخص ريشه دوم ميانگين مربعات باقي مانده (RMSEA) برابر با 0/057 ، ميزان شاخص نكويي برازش (GFI)، شاخص تعديل شده نكويي برازش (AGFI)، شاخص برازش تطبيقي (CFI)، شاخص برازش هنجار شده بنتلر بونت (NNFI)، شاخص برازش توكر-لويس (TLI)، شاخص برازش افزايشي (IFI) و شاخص برازش نسبي (RFI) بالاتر از 0/90 بودند.

Introduction: Internationalization of higher education is an active and creative response towards the globalization phenomenon. The process of internationalization according to national upper documents in the country is assigned higher education as a priority and necessity. The objective of the study was to design and evaluate the model of internationalizing higher education in the medical sciences universities. Methods: This study was performed using a mixed method. The qualitative section were designed through grounded theory with the review of texts and the semi-structured interviews with 20 experts in the field of internationalization model, and the quantitative section -the validity and fitting of the model- was done by completing a questionnaire by 124 people. The experts have been identified through structural equation modelling analysis. Results: According to the grounded theory of the internationalization model of higher education in medical universities, there are 16 main factors and 71 sub factors, the main factors include 8 conditional factors (governance- management of university – faculty member-information technology-language and culture-structure of universitymanagement of human resources- management of physical and financial resources), 4 process factors (government function- management of international affairsinternational education, and international research) and 4 outcome factors (country development, university development, students and graduated students, organizational sublimit of the university). In quantitative section, the results of first and secondary factor analysis showed that 16 mentioned factors have sufficient load factor to predict the model of internationalizing higher education. The indexes of fitness measurement of final model showed that Chi-square ratio to the degree of freedom (CMIN/DF) equals 2.068. Furthermore, the value of the index of square root of reminder squares mean (RMSE(, equals 0.057. The value of goodness of fit index (GFI), adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI), correlation of fit index (CFI), normalized fit index of Bentler Bonette (NNFI), fit index of Toker – Loise (TLI), increased fit index (IFI), and relative fit index (RFI) in the presented model is higher than 90%. Considering the fitness indexes, it can be concluded that the model of internationalizing state universities of medical sciences has sufficient fitness. Conclusion: The internationalization model of higher education consisting of 16 factors in two levels of government and university has a favourable fit.