راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ رﻓﺘﺎر و ﻫﻮﯾﺖ اﺧﻼﻗﯽ: ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯽ ﺳﻮد روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺘﯽ

The Relationship between Moral Behavior and Identity: Mediating Role of Psychological and Situational Benefit

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ و ﻫﺪف: اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ رﻓﺘﺎر و ﻫﻮﯾﺖ اﺧﻼﻗﯽ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان دﺑﯿﺮﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ دوره ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ دوم ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯽ ﺳﻮد روا نﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺘﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. روشﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ: روش اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻮد. اﻧﺪازه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻌﺪاد 907 ﻧﻔﺮ )393 دﺧﺘﺮ و 514 ﭘﺴﺮ( داﻧﺶآﻣﻮز دﺑﯿﺮﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ دوره ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ دوم در ﺷﻬﺮ ﻫﻤﺪان ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﻣﻘﯿﺎسﻫﺎي رﻓﺘﺎر اﺧﻼﻗﯽ )دﻟﻔﺎن ﺑﯿﺮاﻧﻮﻧﺪ و رﺷﯿﺪ، 1400(، ﻫﻮﯾﺖ اﺧﻼﻗﯽ )آﮐﯿﻨﯿﻮ و رﯾﺪ، 2002(، و ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺳﻮد )دﻟﻔﺎن ﺑﯿﺮاﻧﻮﻧﺪ و رﺷﯿﺪ، 1400( را ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ روش ﻣﺪلﺳﺎزي ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺳﻮد روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺘﯽ در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﯿﻦ اﺑﻌﺎد رﻓﺘﺎر اﺧﻼﻗﯽ و اﺑﻌﺎد ﻫﻮﯾﺖ اﺧﻼﻗﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ واﺳﻄﻪاي ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري دارﻧﺪ. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺮﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺳﻮد روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺘﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻧﺠﺎم رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي اﺧﻼﻗﯽ از ﺳﻮي اﻓﺮاد ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. زﯾﺮا ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ اﯾﻦﮐﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي اﺧﻼﻗﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ راﺳﺖﮔﻮﯾﯽ، ﭼﻘﺪر ﺑﺮاي اﻓﺮاد ﺳﻮدآور اﺳﺖ ﺧﻮد ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ آﻧﺎن را ﺑﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي درﺳﺖ ﺗﺮﻏﯿﺐ ﮐﻨﺪ.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to explain the relationship between moral behavior and identity of high school students by the mediating role of psychological and situational benefit. Research Methodology: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The sample size included 907 (393 girls and 514 boys) high school students in the city of Hamedan who were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling, and answered the Moral Behavior (Delfan Biranvand and Rashid, 1400), Moral Identity (Aquino and Reed, 2002), and the Benefit (Delfan Biranvand and Rashid, 1400) questionaries. Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling using Lisrel-8.8. Findings: The results showed that psychological and situational benefit play a significant mediating role in the relationship between moral behavior and identity. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it can be said that psychological and situational benefit can be explained as good factors for explaining the reason for the individuals’ moral behaviors. Because evaluating how beneficial moral behaviors, such as honesty, can motivate individual to show the right behaviors.