ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺮﺧﻮرداري داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ از ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و اﺧﻼﻗﯽ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي

Investigating the Level of Social and Moral Citizenship Skills of Elementary School Students

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ و ﻫﺪف:ﻣﺴﺎﯾﻞ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ، ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻋﺼﺮ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻣﻮﺿﻮع آﻣﻮزش ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي را ﺑﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ و ﻋﻤﻞ در ﻧﻈﺎم آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. آﻣﻮزش ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﻣ ﺴﺌﻮل و آﮔﺎه ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺑﻨﯿﺎديﺗﺮﯾﻦ رﺳﺎﻟﺖﻫﺎي ﻧﻈﺎمﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ در ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺳﺖ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺮﺧﻮرداري داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ از ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و اﺧﻼﻗﯽ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ دﯾﺪﮔﺎه ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن زن و داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. روش ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ: اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ و ﻧﺤﻮه ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ از روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ اﺳﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻫﺪف ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن و داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان دوره اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ دو ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﻮد ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺟﺪول ﮐﺮﺟﺴﯽ و ﻣﻮرﮔﺎن، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ 90 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ زن و داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان 350ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و اﺑﺰار ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ رواﯾﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاﯾﯽ آن ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﺳﺘﺎدان و ﺻﺎﺣﺐﻧﻈﺮان ﺣﻮزه ﺗﻌﻠﯿﻢ و ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺖ ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﺷﺪ و ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آوردن ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ از ﺿﺮﯾﺐ آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮاﻧﺒﺎخ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ 0/841 ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺮﺧﻮرداري داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان از ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﻓﻌﺎل، ﻫﻤﺪﻟﯽ، ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﺣﺪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي رواﺑﻂ ﺑﯿﻦﻓﺮدي، ﻗﺪرت ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢﮔﯿﺮي و ﺗﻔﮑﺮ اﻧﺘﻘﺎدي ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦﺗﺮ از ﺣﺪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﯿﻦ دﯾﺪﮔﺎه داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان و ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن در ﺧﺼﻮص ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺮﺧﻮرداري داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان از ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري وﺟﻮد دارد.

Introduction: The social, political, cultural and economic issues of the present age have turned the issue of teaching social skills of citizenship into one of the most important areas of decision and action in the education system. Educating responsible and informed citizens is one of the most fundamental missions of educational systems in different countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of elementary school students' social and moral skills of citizenship and to compare the views of female teachers and students. Research Methodology: This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of the nature and method of data collection, it is a descriptive survey research method. The target population is elementary school students in Tehran's second district among which the sample size was calculated as 90 female teachers and 350 students through Krejcie & Morgan table and selected through cluster sampling method. The data collection tool in this study was a researchermade questionnaire whose content validity was confirmed by professors and experts in the field of education, and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to obtain reliability as of 0.841. Findings: Findings indicated that students had above-average level in the components of active participation, empathy, and responsibility and below average level in the components of interpersonal relationships, decision-making power and critical thinking. Conclusion: There is a significant difference between the attitudes of students and teachers regarding the extent to which students enjoy the components of citizenship.