اﻣﮑﺎن ﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﺟﺮم اﻧﮕﺎري ﺳﻘﻂ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ در ﺣﻘﻮق ﮐﯿﻔﺮي اﯾﺮان

Feasibility Study of Laboratory Abortion in Criminal Law of Iran

ﻟﻘﺎح و ﭘﺮورش ﺟﻨﯿﻦ در ﺧﺎرج از رﺣﻢ، از ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﺤﺪﺛﻪي داﻧﺶ ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ از آن، ﺑﻪ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﻧﺎم ﺑﺮده ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﺟﻬﺎت اﺷﺘﺮاك ﺟﻨﯿﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ، در ﮐﻨﺎر ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﺸﻬﻮد ﻣﯿﺎن آن دو، ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻫﺎي ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ﻣﺘﻌﺪدي، درﺑﺎرهي ﺣﻘﻮق و اﺣﮑﺎم ﺟﻨﯿﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ، ﻓﺮا روي ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ از آن ﺟﻤﻠﻪ، ﺣﮑﻢ ﺳﻘﻂ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ، از ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﻟﻘﺎح ﺗﺎ ﭘﺲ از دﻣﯿﺪن ﺷﺪن روح در آن اﺳﺖ؛ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺣﯿﺎت ﺟﻨﯿﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ، ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺣﯿﺎت ﺟﻨﯿﻦ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ، از ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ ﮐﯿﻔﺮي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ و ﺳﻘﻂ آن، ﺟﺮم و ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰم ﻣﺤﮑﻮﻣﯿﺖ ﻣﺮﺗﮑﺐ آن، ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺎن ﻣﺠﺎزات ﺳﻘﻂ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ اﺳﺖ؛ از اﯾﻦ رو، ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎر ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎي ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ و ﺧﻼء ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﯽ ﺟﺮم اﻧﮕﺎري ﺳﻘﻂ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ در ﺣﻘﻮق ﮐﯿﻔﺮي اﯾﺮان، ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ دﻻﯾﻞ دﯾﺪﮔﺎهﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد، ﺑﻪ ﯾﮑﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ، از ﺟﻬﺖ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ ﮐﯿﻔﺮي ﺣﻖ ﺣﯿﺎت و اﻣﮑﺎن ﺟﺮم اﻧﮕﺎري ﺳﻘﻂ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ دﺳﺖ ﻣﯽﯾﺎﺑﺪ.

In vitro fertilization is one of the emerging issues in medical science, which is called laboratory embryo. In terms of the commonality of the in vitro embryo with the normal embryo, in addition to the obvious difference between the two, there are several legal questions about the rights and rulings of the in vitro embryo, including the rule of abortion in vitro fertilization. Until after the soul is breathed into it; That the life of a laboratory fetus, like the life of a natural fetus, has criminal protection and that abortion is a crime and requires the conviction of the perpetrator, the same punishment as a natural abortion; Therefore, the present article, with the aim of explaining the legal challenges and legal vacuum of criminalizing laboratory abortion in Iranian criminal law, by examining the reasons for the existing views, examines laboratory embryos with natural embryos in terms of criminal protection of the right to life and The possibility of criminalizing laboratory abortion is achieved.