نقش يپرم خان در نظميه و حوادث سالهاي 1288-1291ه.ش. در ايران

Role of Yapram Khan in the Nazmieh and Events of 1909-1912 in Iran

يپرم‌خان پس از استبداد صغير همراه ديگر مجاهدان در فتح تهران با سپاه محمدعلي شاه به نبرد پرداخت. و با تشكيل كميسيوني كه براي تمشيت امور و حفظ نظم اجتماعي و امنيت عمومي، ترتيب يافت؛ به رياست نظميه منصوب شد. يپرم‌خان در طول دوره رياست بر نظميه اقدامات اصلاحي شايان توجهي در ساختار نظميه و برقراري نظم اجتماعي و امنيت در ايران انجام داد. هدف از اين تحقيق بررسي نقش يپرم‌خان به عنوان يك نخبه نظامي و سياسي در سامان بخشي بر نظميه و نيز تحولات امنيتي و انتظامي دوران پس از سقوط محمدعلي شاه، پادشاه مستبد قاجاراست. اين پژوهش به لحاظ هدف توسعه‌اي و از نوع تحقيقات كيفي است و با بهره‌گيري از روش تحليل اسنادي انجام شده است. ابزار گردآوري داده‌ها، اسناد و مطالب موجود از كتاب‌هاي مرتبط با عصر مشروطيت مي‌باشد. يافته‌هاي پژوهش نشان‌دهنده نقش تأثيرگذاز او در عرصه نظم اجتماعي و امنيت بوده و مواردي چون اصلاح و تحول در ساختار و سازمان نظميه كشور، تأمين و برقراري نظم و امنيت عموميِ نسبتاً پايدار، دفاع از اصول اوليه مشروطيت و نيز مبارزه با عناصر مخالف مشروطيت و طرفداران استبداد، توجه و تأكيد بر قانون‌گرايي در كشور نيز از اقدامات مهم محسوب مي‌شود.

The Constitutional Revolution and the subsequent petty tyranny must be recognized with a historical background and global development. Yaperm was one of the military, security and revolutionary elites of the era of the Constitutional Revolution in Iran. After a minor dictatorship, he fought alongside other Mujahideen in the conquest of Tehran with the army of Mohammad Ali Shah, the tyrannical king of Qajar. After the defeat of Mohammad Ali Shah and the formation of a commission that was set up to oversee affairs and maintain order, he was appointed to head the police. During his presidency of the Order, Yapram Khan took significant corrective measures in the structure of the Order and subsequently established order and security in Iran. This article has used archival and library sources and based on the analysis of these data, has examined the actions of this constitutional Mujahideen in the structure of order and security of the country. According to the findings of this study, creating changes in the structure and organization of Nazmieh, ensuring public order and security, fighting against elements opposed to constitutionalism and supporters of Mohammad Ali Shah in defending the basic principles of constitutionalism and paying attention to the rule of law in the country were important actions of Pepram Khan. Yapram's actions have many pros and cons. Some condemned his actions in the Atabak Park incident, the dissolution of the parliament and the execution of Sheikh Fazlullah Nouri, the assassination and killing of Seyyed Abdullah Behbahani by the arbitrary Mujahideen and the escape of Haidar Khan Amavoglu, and some condemned these actions positively or in law enforcement. They have interpreted the protection of the constitutional revolution and the provision of security and the prevention of the collapse of the country.