ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ درﻣﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ و واﻗﻌﯿﺖدرﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺮﺧﺎﺷﮕﺮي در ﻧﻮﺟﻮاﻧﺎن دﺧﺘﺮ

Comparing the Effectiveness of Therapy Based on Acceptance and Commitment and Reality Therapy on Aggression in Female Adolescents

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: دوره ﻧﻮﺟﻮاﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﺟ ﺴﻤﯽ، ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ، رواﻧﯽ و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑ ﺴﯿﺎري ﻫﻤﺮاه ا ﺳﺖ و رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﭘﺮﺧﺎ ﺷﮕﺮاﻧﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮوز اﯾﻦ ﺗ ﺤﻮﻻت اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯽﯾﺎﺑﻨﺪ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎ ﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﺛﺮﺑﺨ ﺸﯽ درﻣﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ و واﻗﻌﯿﺖ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺮﺧﺎ ﺷﮕ ﺮي د ر ﻧﻮﺟﻮاﻧﺎن دﺧﺘﺮ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ: ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎ ﺿﺮ ، ﻧﯿﻤﻪآزﻣﺎﯾ ﺸﯽ و از ﻧﻮع ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري، دﺧﺘﺮان 15 ﺗﺎ 17 ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﺎري ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤ ﺼﯿﻠﯽ1398-1399 در ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﺘﻮ ﺳﻄﻪ دوم ﺗﺤ ﺼﯿﻞ ﻣﯽﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪاي، 60 داﻧﺶآﻣﻮز اﻧﺘﺨﺎب، و ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻪ 3 ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺴﺎوي ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. 8 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ واﻗﻌﯿﺖدرﻣﺎﻧﯽ و 8 ﺟﻠﺴـــﻪ درﻣﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ 60 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ اي ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﺮﮔﺰار ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ . ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ اي درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﮑﺮد. اﺑﺰار ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﭘﺮﺧﺎﺷﮕﺮي ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن در ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن و ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ . از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ و اﻧﺤﺮاف ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﻧﻤﺮه ﭘﺮﺧﺎﺷــﮕﺮي ﮔﺮوه درﻣﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ، واﻗﻌﯿﺖدرﻣﺎﻧﯽ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل در ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 71/64±8/26 ،71/87±8/17 و 71/53±8/09 و در ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن 60/18±7/24 ،56/23±7/18 و 71/33±8/72 ﺑﻮد. ﻧﻤﺮه ﭘ ﺮﺧﺎﺷــﮕﺮي دو ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ در ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار داﺷــﺖ )0/001

Introduction: Adolescence is associated with many physical, emotional, psychological and social changes, which increase with the occurrence of aggressive behaviors. The present study aims to compare the effectiveness of therapy based on acceptance and commitment and reality therapy on aggression in female adolescents. Materials and Methods: The present study is a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test study with a control group. The statistical population of the study included 15- to 17-year-old female adolescents in Sari, who were studying in the 2019-2020 academic year in secondary schools. Based on a random multi-stage cluster sampling method, 60 students were selected as the main sample and randomly assigned to one of the three groups of acceptance and commitment therapy (n=20), reality based therapy (n=20), or the control group (n=20). Eight sessions of reality therapy and 8 sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy were held for the experimental groups, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The research instrument was a Bass and Perry aggression questionnaire which was completed by the participants in the pre-test and post-test stages. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANOVA) was used to analyze the collected data. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the aggression scores for acceptance and commitment therapy, reality therapy and the control group in the pretest stage were 71.87±8.17, 71.64±8.26 and 71.53±8.09, respectively. In the post-test, the aggression scores for the two experimental groups were significantly lower than the control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that therapy based on acceptance and commitment and reality therapy were effective in reducing students’ aggression and that acceptance therapy was more effective.