كارﺑﺮد روش ﻣﯿﮑﺮواﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻣﺎﯾﻊ- ﻣﺎﯾﻊ ﭘﺨﺸﯽ ﮐﻮﭘﻞ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﮐﺮوﻣﺎﺗﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ ﮔﺎزي ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﻌﺪادي از آﻓﺖ ﮐﺶﻫﺎي ارﮔﺎﻧﻮﻓﺴﻔﺮه در ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي آب ﻣﯿﻮه

Application of a Dispersive liquid-liquid Microextraction Coupled to Gas Chromatography for Determination of rganophosphorous Pesticides in Fruit Juice

آﺑﻤﯿﻮهﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻏﻨﯽ از وﯾﺘﺎﻣﯿﻦﻫﺎ، آﻣﯿﻨﻮاﺳﯿﺪﻫﺎ و اﻣﻼح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻮﺷﯿﺪﻧﯽ در ﺳﺮاﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. ﻣﯿﻮهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻮاد ﺧﺎم آب ﻣﯿﻮهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﺮﺗﺐ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ آﻓﺎت، ﻗﺎرچﻫﺎ و ﺣﺸﺮات ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ و ﮐﻤﯿﺖ آن ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد ﻟﺬا از آﻓﺖ ﮐﺶ ﻫﺎي ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از ﺿﺎﯾﻌﺎت وارده ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺑﻄﻮر ﮔﺴﺘﺮده اي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻧﮑﺎت و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺼﺮف اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮاد ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﻧﺴﺎنﻫﺎ، اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺑﺎﻗﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﺪه آن ﻫﺎ در ﻣﯿﻮهﻫﺎ و آب ﻣﯿﻮهﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺣﺎﺋﺰ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎر ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ روش ﻣﯿﮑﺮواﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻣﺎﯾﻊ- ﻣﺎﯾﻊ ﭘﺨﺸﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰﺳﺎزي ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﯿﺶﺗﻐﻠﯿﻆ و اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺗﻌﺪادي از آﻓﺖﮐﺶﻫﺎي ارﮔﺎﻧﻮﻓﺴﻔﺮه از ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي آب ﻣﯿﻮه ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺷﺪه و ﺳﭙﺲ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﮐﻤﯽ آن ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ روش ﮐﺮوﻣﺎﺗﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯽ ﮔﺎزي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﺛﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﻮع و ﺣﺠﻢ ﺣﻼل اﺳﺘﺨﺮاجﮐﻨﻨﺪه، دﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﻠﻮل آﺑﯽ، ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﻫﯿﺪروﮐﻠﺮﯾﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ و ﻗﺪرت ﯾﻮﻧﯽ ﺑﺮ روي ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪ. ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ، ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ روش ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي 64/9 -92/4 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺣﺪود ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ در ﻣﺤﺪودهي 0/67 -4/3 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ و ﻣﺤﺪودهي ﺧﻄﯽ در ﮔﺴﺘﺮهي 2/25 -4000 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪﻧﺪ. روش ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي ﺳﺎده، ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد و ارزان ﺑﻮده و ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﻢ ﺣﻼل ﻫﺎي آﻟﯽ و زﻣﺎن آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ ﮐﻮﺗﺎه از دﯾﮕﺮ ﻣﺰاﯾﺎي آن ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Fruit juices are rich source of vitamins, amino acids and various minerals and are served as a beverage all over the world. Fruits as the raw materials of fruit juices are regularly affected by different pests, fungi or insects, which result in a decrease in their quality and quantity. Therefore, various pesticides are widely used to prevent damage to crops. Considering this points and due to consume these products by human's, analysis and measurement of these substances in fruits and fruit juices has a great importance. In the present work, solidified floating organic droplets dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was evaluated for pre-concentration and extraction of some organophosphorus pesticides in fruit juice samples and then quantitative analysis was performed by gas chromatography. The effect of parameters including extraction solvent type and volume, aqueous solution temperature, hydrochloric acid volume and NaCl concentration on the extraction efficiency were investigated and optimized. The optimized method was validated with recoveries ranging from 69.3 to 92.3%. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.67-4.3 µg L-1 and the linear range was in the range of 2.25-4000 µg L-1. The proposed method is simple, reliable and cheap, and low consumption of organic solvents and short analysis time is the other advantages.