چكيده فارسي :
ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ دﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﻨﻴﺎدﻳﻦ ﻫﺮ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪاي ﺑﻮده و ﭼﻴﺴﺘﻲ و ﻧﺤﻮه ﺗﺤﻘﻖ آن را ﻣﻲﺗﻮان زﻳﺮﺑﻨﺎﻳﻲﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. در ﻃﻮل ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد، اﻧﺪﻳﺸﻤﻨﺪان ﺑﺰرﮔﻲ در اﻳﻦ زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﻪﭘﺮدازي ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻨﺪ. اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﻌﻲ دارد ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ روﻳﻜﺮد ﺟﺪﻳﺪي ﺑﻪ ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺑﭙﺮدازد. ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر، اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺮ ﺗﻄﻮر اﻧﺪﻳﺸﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻛﻪ در آن ﻧﻘﺶ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﻲ در دﻳﺪﮔﺎهﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ .
ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲدﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻋﻠﻮم ﻣﻴﺎنرﺷﺘﻪاي ﻧﻮﻳﻦ در ﻋﺼﺮ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺴﺘﺮ و ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺟﺪﻳﺪي را ﺑﺮاي واﻛﺎوي ﭘﺪﻳﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ »ﺧﻼﻗﻴﺖ« از »ﻣﻐﺰ اﻧﺴﺎن« ﻧﺸﺄت ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد ﻣﻲﺗﻮان از ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﻋﻠﻮمﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ ﭘﺪﻳﺪه ﺧﻼﻗﻴﺖ و ﻧﻘﺶ آن در ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. در واﻗﻊ ﺧﻼﻗﻴﺖ و ﻧﻮاوري و ﻛﺎراﻓﺮﻳﻨﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﺎﺳﺘﻪ ازآن ﭘﻴﺸﺮاﻧﻲ ﻗﺪرﺗﻤﻨﺪ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ اﺳﺖ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ اﻧﺴﺎنﻫﺎي ﺧﻼق و ﻧﻮآور و ﻛﺎرآﻓﺮﻳﻦ و ﺑﺴﺘﺮﺳﺎزي در ﺟﻬﺖ ﭘﺮورش و ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ اﻧﺴﺎنﻫﺎي ﺧﻼق و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﻲ و ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺒﻊ آن اﻳﺠﺎد اﺷﺘﻐﺎل ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻲ ﺑﺮﻧﻮاوري و داﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴﺎﻧﻲ و اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ دراﻣﺪ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ. در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺳﻌﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ روش ﻣﺮوري ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ ﭘﺪﻳﺪه ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺧﻼﻗﻴﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﺎ روﻳﻜﺮد ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد. ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ و ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻲ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎ ي ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ و ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ اﺧﻴﺮﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲدﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻼﻗﻴﺖ ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ و ﺑﻨﻴﺎديﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﻣ ﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﭘﻴﺸﺮو ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺮ اﻳﻦ دﻳﺪﮔﺎه ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖﻫﺎي وﻳﮋه ﻋﻠﻤﻲ، ﻓﻨﻲ و ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﮕﺬاران و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﻳﺰان ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﺪ .
چكيده لاتين :
Economic development is one of the fundamental concerns of any society, and what it is and how to achieve it can be considered the most fundamental issue of development economics. Throughout the history of economics, great thinkers have theorized in this field. This article tries to explain this issue with a new approach. For this purpose, firstly, the evolution of development ideas has been discussed, in which the role of human capital has been explained from different perspectives. The findings of this study show that cognitive science, as one of the new interdisciplinary sciences in the current era, has provided a new platform and capacity for analyzing the phenomenon of economic development. Considering that "creativity" originates from the "human brain," scientific findings can be used to explain the phenomenon of creativity and its role in economic development. In fact, creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship arising from it is a powerful driving force for the economic development of societies, and economic development is by identifying creative and innovative people and entrepreneurs and creating a platform for nurturing and educating creative people and developing human capital, and consequently, creating employment based on innovation and knowledge. The foundation and increase in income are realized. In this study, an attempt has been made to explain the desired phenomenon, i.e., the role of creativity on economic development, with a cognitive science approach. The findings and experimental results of similar research and the recent experience of countries show that creativity is one of the most critical and fundamental components affecting the economic development of leading countries. Focusing on this perspective can provide policymakers and planners with remarkable scientific, technical, and practical capabilities.
