رضايت از زندگي و آزادسازي اكسي توسين (هورمون عصبي شيميايي ) در مغز

Life Satisfaction and The Release of Oxytocin in The Brain as A Neurochemical Hormone

رﺿﺎﻳﺖ از زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻧﮕﺮش ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻓﺮد ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در آن زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻔﺎوﺗﻲ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ دارد ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻮي اﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎع و ﺳﻮي دﻳﮕﺮ آن ﺑﻪ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺑﺮﻣﻲﮔﺮدد. ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺟﻮاﻧﺐ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻳﺠﺎد رﺿﺎﻳﺖ از زﻧﺪﮔﻲ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻠﻮم ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ از آﻧﻬﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎي اﺳﺎﺳﻲ و ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰي را در اﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻛﺮدهاﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻲ ﺣﺎﻛﻲ از وﺟﻮد ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ زﻳﺴﺖ-ﺷﻴﻤﻲ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در ﺑﺮوز رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻮده ﻛﻪ در ﻧﻴﻞ ﺑﻪ رﺿﺎﻳﺖ از زﻧﺪﮔﻲ و اﺣﺴﺎس ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪي ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ردﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢﻫﺎي ﺧﺎص در اﻓﺮاد ﺑﺎ ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ زﻣﻴﻨﻪﺳﺎز ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ دﻗﻴﻖ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در ﺑﺮوز اﻳﻦ وﻳﮋﮔﻲﻫﺎ ﮔﺮدد . رﺿﺎﻳﺖ از زﻧﺪﮔﻲ در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ﻋﺼﺒﻲ- ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻐﺰ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﻛﺴﻲﺗﻮﺳﻴﻦ-ﺳﺮوﺗﻮﻧﻴﻦ-دوﭘﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻫﻮرﻣﻮنﻫﺎي ﺷﺎدي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ هاﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ آﻧﻬﺎ در رواﺑﻂ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻓﺮد ﻣﻮﺟﻲ از اﺣﺴﺎﺳﺎت ﻣﺜﺒﺖ را درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ. اﻛﺴﻲ- ﺗﻮﺳﻴﻦ ﻳﻚ ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن 9 اﺳﻴﺪآﻣﻴﻨﻪاي ﺑﻮده ﻛﻪ در ﻫﻴﭙﻮﺗﺎﻻﻣﻮس ﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﺷﺪه و ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺮﻛﺰي در ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ زاﻳﻤﺎن و ﺷﻴﺮدﻫﻲ دارد. ﻓﻌﺎلﺷﺪن ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪه ﻫﺎي اﻛﺴﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻳﺠﺎد ﻳﻚ آﺑﺸﺎر ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦدﺳﺘﻲ و اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ داﺧﻞ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻲ در ﻣﻴﻮﻓﻴﺒﺮﻳﻞ ﻫﺎي رﺣﻢ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺘﺎ ً اﻳﻦ اﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ و اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ دﻓﻌﺎت اﻧﻘﺒﺎﺿﺎت ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ اﻛﺴﻲﺗﻮﺳﻴﻦ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﻚ ﻧﻮروﭘﭙﺘﻴﺪ ﭼﻨﺪﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮدي زﻣﻴﻨﻪ را ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮوز رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﺳﺨﺎوت، اﻋﺘﻤﺎد و رواﺑﻂ ﻧﻮعدوﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل اﻳﻦ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎ در ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻻ، اﻟﻘﺎي رﺿﺎﻳﺖ از زﻧﺪﮔﻲ و اﺣﺴﺎس ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪي در اﻓﺮاد ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ارﺗﺒﺎط ﭼﻨﺪﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺴﺘﻲ- ﺑﺎورﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﻨﻮي و رﺿﺎﻳﺖ از زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﺟﺎﻟﺐ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻲ ﺑﻮده ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﻧﮕﺮﺷﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﻮاﻧﺐ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ آن اﺳﺖ. ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻋﺼﺒﻲ- ﺷ ﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ اﻓﺮاد در ﺳﻨ ﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﺎز دﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑ ﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎ ﻳﺞ روﺷﻦ در ﻧﺤﻮه اﻳﺠﺎد رﺿﺎﻳﺖ از زﻧﺪﮔﻲ و ارﺗﺒﺎط آن ﺑﺎ ﺑﻪزﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﺷﻮد.

Life satisfaction expresses a positive attitude towards the world in which one lives and depends on various variables, one of which is related to the community and the other to the individual. Various aspects of creating life satisfaction through various sciences have been studied, and each has identified basic and distinct bases in this direction. The study of biological systems indicates the existence of biochemical factors affecting the occurrence of behaviors that are effective in achieving life satisfaction and a sense of worth. Tracing the mechanisms of occurrence of specific features in people of different ages can be the basis for accurately identifying factors affecting these features. Life satisfaction is related to brain neurochemicals. Oxytocin-Serotonin-Dopamine is known as happiness hormones, whose increase in social relationships makes a person receive a wave of positive emotions. Oxytocin (OT) is a nonapeptide hormone that is central in regulating parturition and lactation. Oxytocin receptor activation triggers several downstream signaling pathways and increases intracellular calcium in uterine myofibrils, ultimately strengthening and increasing the frequency of contractions. This hormone as a multifunctional neuropeptide by reducing the level of stress and anxiety and creating physiological stability provides the basis for generosity, trust and altruistic behaviors that the product of these behaviors in old age is to induce life satisfaction and feelings of worth in people. The multifaceted relationship between biological systems-spiritual beliefs and life satisfaction is an exciting issue that requires a complete approach to identify its various aspects. Identifying the neurochemical basis of social behaviors of people of different ages can pave the way for achieving precise results in how to create life satisfaction and its relationship with well-being