پديد آورندگان :
باراني، محمد اداره كل دامپزشكي استان قم - انجمن علمي بيماري هاي داخلي دامهاي بزرگ ايران , ميرزائي، كامران اداره كل دامپزشكي استان قزوين، قزوين، ايران , امامي، جواد اداره كل دامپزشكي استان آذربايجان غربي
كليدواژه :
بيماري طاعون نشخواركنندگان كوچك , PPR , ايران , چالش ها , گروه موربيليويروس , ويروس هاي پاراميكسوويروس
چكيده فارسي :
بيماري طاعون نشخواركنندگان كوچك كه به آن طاعون بزي نيز گفته مي شود بيماري ويروسي بسيار واگير و مهلك گوسفند و بز
است كه در قاره آفريقا و آسيا بويژه منطقه خاورميانه شايع است.تب، التهاب مخاط دهان و بيني،ترشحات چشم و بيني، جراحات دهان
و بيني، اختلال تنفسي، سرفه، ذات الريه، التهاب روده ها و اسهال در گوسفند و بز از علايم اين بيماري مي باشد . عامل بيماري
ويروسي متعلق به گروه موربيليويروس در خانواده ويروس هاي پاراميكسوويروس تعلق دارد. اين بيماري براي اولين بار در سال 1942 در كشور ساحل عاج شناسايي شد و براي مدتي محدود به غرب آفريقا بود اما اكنون در
بيشتر كشورهاي قاره آفريقا و آسيا ديده مي شود و در ايران نيز يكي از مهم ترين بيماري هاي شايع در گوسفند و بز است كه در سال
1372 براي اولين بار از استان ايلام شناسائي گرديد.اين بيماري همچنين مي توان دنشخواركنندگا نكوچ كد رحيا ت وحش، مانند
گوسفند و بز وحشي و آهو و گوزن را مبتلا كند و به حيوانات حيات وحش نيز خسارت و تلفات وارد كند. بيماري باعث خسارات
سنگيني ناشي از تلفات و كاهش وزن مي گردد.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction:
Pest des petitis ruminants (PPR) named also "ovine rinderpest", is a highly contagious and fatal
viral disease in sheep and goats which is prevalent in Africa and Asia, especially in the middle east
region.
Some of the clinical manifestations of PPR in sheep and goats are included fever, inflammation of
mouth mucus, ocular and nasal discharge, lesions in the mouth and nose, dyspnea, cough,
pneumonia, enteritis, and diarrhea.
The causative agent of the disease belongs to Morbillivirus genus of Paramyxoviridae family.
The first report of PPR in the world refers to 1942 in Ivory Coastand initially, it was confined to the
west region of Africa. But now, it is prevalent throughout the Africa and Asia continents and in Iran
is one of the most important diseases in sheep and goat populations which has been reported for the
first time in 1993 from Ilam Province.
Wild small ruminants are also susceptible to PPR, and the disease has a huge burden due to death
and weight losses of affected both domestic and wild animals.
Clinical signs of PPR may resemble it to some other respiratory and mucosal diseases.
Currently, PPR is one of most important diseases in Africa and Asia continents which induce
abundant losses mainly for smallholders, rural, and nomadic people in this areas.
Food and agriculture organization (FAO) collaborating with world organization for animal health
(OIE) propose a program to control and eradication of the disease in all over the world until 2030
aiming to counter with the poverty and animal disease as their official duty, respectively.
Regarding to enormous burden of the disease in domestic animal industry in the country, Iran
Veterinary Organization (IVO) has been inclined into implementation of strategic programs of
control and eradication of the disease in cooperation with neighboring countries based on
vaccination, owner training, and surveillance systems etc. which resulted in an outstanding
reduction in incidence and prevalence of the disease during last few years.
The number of outbreaks reported in Iran in 2016 comparing with 2015 has declined as
57%,Certainly because of doubling vaccination coverage with 26 million sheep and goats
vaccinated in 2016.
