ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ ﻻﯾﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻻﯾﻪ و ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺷﺸﻢ در درس رﯾﺎﺿﯽ

Comparison of the effectiveness of Layer-by-layer and Traditional Teaching in Sixth Grade Students’ Academic Achievement at Mathematics

ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ ﻻﯾﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻻﯾﻪ و ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺷﺸﻢ در درس رﯾﺎﺿﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻫﺪف، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻟﺤﺎظ روش ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ، از ﻧﻮع ﻧﯿﻤﻪآزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري آن ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﭘﺴﺮ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺷﺸﻢ اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ ﯾﮏ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺳﻨﻨﺪج ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 1398-99 ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻞ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦﮐﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري 2100 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻮد، و ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﻢ، ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ دو روش ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ ﺑﻮده. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ 50 ﻧﻔﺮ از داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان در دو ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻼﺳﯽ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس، ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﯿﺰان ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ درس رﯾﺎﺿﯽ از آزﻣﻮن ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ 7 ﻣﺒﺤﺚ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ درس رﯾﺎﺿﯽ، در 10 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ در ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ ﻻﯾﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻻﯾﻪ ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. در ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ روش ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ ﻻﯾﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻻﯾﻪ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ ﺳﻨﺘﯽ، در ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ درس رﯾﺎﺿﯽ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺷﺸﻢ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺶﺗﺮ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻓﺮﺿﯿﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ روش ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ ﻻﯾﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻻﯾﻪ در اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان در ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎي اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎي ﻋﺪدي، ﻋﺪدﻧﻮﯾﺴﯽ، ﺑﺨﺶﭘﺬﯾﺮي، اﻋﺪاد ﺻﺤﯿﺢ، ﮐﺴﺮ، اﻋﺸﺎر و ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎت ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of layer-by-layer and traditional teaching on the academic achievement of sixth grade students in mathematics. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental in terms of data collection method. The statistical population included all male students of the sixth grade of primary school in district one of Sanandaj city who were studying in the academic year 2019-2020. Considering that the statistical population was 2100 people, and according to the subject of the research which was a comparison of two teaching methods, 50 students in two class groups were surveyed based on convenience sampling. In this study, a teacher-made academic achievement test was used to measure academic achievement. In this regard, 7 educational topics of mathematics course were taught in 10 sessions in the experimental group through layer-by-layer teaching method. The data analysis showed that the layer-by-layer teaching method was more effective than the traditional teaching method in the academic achievement of sixth grade students. The results of sub-hypotheses also showed that the layer-by-layer teaching method has been effective in increasing students' learning in the areas of numerical patterns, number writing, divisibility, integers, fractions, decimals and coordinates.