ﺑﺎزﺗﺎب ﻫﺎي اﺻﻞ »ﻗﻄﻌﯿﺖ ﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮي ﻋﻠﻮم ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ« در ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ دﯾﺪﮔﺎه آﯾﺖ اﷲ ﺟﻮادي آﻣﻠﯽ

The reflection of principle “extremist uncertainty of experimental sciences” in the scientific interpretation of the Qur'an focused on Ayatollah Javadi Amoli’s perspective

ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮازات رﺷﺪ داﻧﺶ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺸﺮي ﻫﻤﻮاره در ﻣﯿﺎن ﻣﺘﻘـﺪﻣ ﺎن و ﻣﺘـﺄﺧﺮ ان دل ﺑﺴـﺘﮕﺎﻧﯽ دارد، اﻣـﺎ ﺑﻠﻮغ ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ اﯾـﻦ ﺷـﯿﻮه در ﺗﻔﺴـﯿﺮ و اوج آن، در ﻗـﺮن اﺧﯿـﺮ اﺳـﺖ. ﺗﻔﺴـﯿﺮ ﻋﻠﻤـﯽ روش ﻣﻨـﺪ و ﻣﻌﺘﺒـﺮ دﺳﺘﺎوردﻫﺎي ﻣﺜﺒﺘﯽ ﻫﻢ ﭼﻮن: اﺛﺒﺎت اﻋﺠﺎز ﻗﺮآن، ﺗﺤﮑﯿﻢ اﯾﻤﺎن ﻣﺴـﻠﻤﺎﻧﺎن، ﮔـﺮاﯾﺶ ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴـﻠﻤﺎﻧﺎن ﺑـﻪ دﯾـﻦ، ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از ﭘﻨﺪار ﺗﻌﺎرض ﻋﻠﻢ و دﯾﻦ در اﺳﻼم و ﺗﻌﻤﯿﻖ ﻓﻬﻢ ﻗﺮآن و... در ﭘـﯽ دارد. ﭘﺮﺳـﺶ اﺳﺎﺳـﯽ ﻣﻘﺎﻟـﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ روش ﻣﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﻣﺤﻮر ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ – ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ – ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻤﯽ و ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ ﻧﮕﺎرش ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ، آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﻪ اﺻﻞ »ﻗﻄﻌﯿﺖ ﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮي ﻋﻠﻮم ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ« اﯾﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﯽ آﯾﺖ اﷲ ﺟﻮادي آﻣﻠﯽ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ اﺳﺖ؟ دﺳﺘﺎورد ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح ذﯾﻞ اﺳﺖ: اﻟﻒ: اﯾﺸﺎن ﻫﺪف ﻋﻠﻢ و ﻗﻀﺎﯾﺎي ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ را دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻘﯿﻘﺖ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ داﻧﺴﺘﻪ و اﻣﮑـﺎن ﺗﺤﻘـﻖ ﯾﻘـﯿﻦ ﺗﺠﺮﺑـﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﯽ و ﻓﺮاﺗﺮ رﻓﺘﻦ از اﺣﺘﻤﺎل و ﻇﻦ در اﯾﻦ ﻗﻀﺎﯾﺎ را ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮط ﺗﻮاﻣﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺘﻘﺮا ﻧﺎﻗﺺ ﺑﺎ ﻗﯿﺎس ﺧﻔﯽ، ﻫﺮﭼﻨـﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﺼﻌﺐ وﻟﯽ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﻣﯽ داﻧﺪ. ب: اﯾﺸﺎن ﺑﺎ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺣﺲ و ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ، ﻗﻀﺎﯾﺎي ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﮐﻠﯽ و ﺟﺰﺋﯽ را ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار و ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺖ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﯽداﻧﺪ. ج: وي در ﺷﯿﻮه اﺳﺘﻨﺎد ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﯾﻌﺖ ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ ﺑﺎور اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﮔﺮ اﺳﺘﻈﻬﺎر ﻣﻄﻠﺒﯽ ﻗﻄﻌـﯽ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ، ﺑـﻪ ﻧﺤـﻮ ﻗﻄﻌﯽ ﺑﻪ دﯾﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد و اﮔﺮ در ﺣﺪ ﻣﻈﻨﻪ و ﮔﻤﺎن ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮ ﻇـﻦ و ﮔﻤـﺎن ﺑـ ﻪ دﯾـﻦ اﺳـﺘﻨﺎد داده ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد و در ﻫﺮ دو ﺻﻮرت از ﺗﺒﺪل راي ﻫﺮاﺳﯽ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ. د: اﯾﺸﺎن ﻗﻮت ﯾﻘﯿﻦ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻧﻪ را ﺿﻌﯿﻒ ﺗﺮ از ﻗﻄﻊ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﯽ و رﯾﺎﺿﯽ ﻣﯽداﻧﺪ.

Interpretation of the Holy Quran with the aid of new scientific discoveries, including "hypothesis and theory" and "rule", has been supported, by later and early scholars. In the recent century, the use of this interpretive method has been very popular. Methodical and valid scientific interpretation has valuable achievements Such as: proving the miracles of the Quran, strengthening the faith of Muslims, , paying attention of non -Muslims to Islam, and eliminating the idea of the contradiction between science and religion in Islam and a better understanding of the Holy Quran and etc. The present article is problem-oriented by using descriptive, experimental and systematic analysis methods. The main question of this article is how, according to Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, on the basis of two principles "the necessity of application of scientific propositions” and “extremist uncertainty of empirical sciences” in interpreting the Qur'an and the impermissibility of using suspicion in understanding of the meanings of the Qur'@n" Can the experimental sciences be used in interpreting of the Qur'an? The result of this article is as follows:

He believes that empirical theorems are also epistemic.
He believes that sense and experience can be a source in the exegeses of the Qur'an.
He believes that "particularity" and "possibility" empirical theorems are also scientific, although he accepted that there are differences between possible experimental propositions and certain ones.
He has regarded epistemologically empirical certainty weaker than philosophical or mathematical certainty