»ﺟﺮﯾﺎن دو زﻧﺪﮔﯽ1؛ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﺗﮑﻮﯾﻦ ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ ﺟﻨﺎﯾﯽ در ﭘﺮﺗﻮ ﺧﻮاﻧﺸﯽ ﺟﺮمﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ از ﮐﺘﺎب ﻣﺮگ ﮐﺴﺐ و ﮐﺎر ﻣﻦ اﺳﺖ«

Two lives’ flow The evolution trail of a criminal character in light of criminological browse through the book “Death is my trade”

در ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﮔﺬار از اﻧﺪﯾﺸﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺠﺮﻣﺎﻧﻪ آﻧﭽﻪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﯾﮏ ﻣﺠﺮم ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي در ﺗﻤﺎﯾﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ و ﻣﺪاوﻣﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ارﺗﮑﺎب ﺟﺮم اﺗﻔﺎق ﻣﯽاﻓﺘﺪ؛ ﮐﺸﺶ ﻗﻮي و ﻓﻘﺪان ﯾﺎ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪهﻫﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪ دوﺑﺎره او ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد. اﻣﺎ ﭼﺮا اﺑﺮﻣﺠﺮﻣﺎن ﺗﻼﺷﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ؟ در ﻣﯿﺎن دﻻﯾﻞ زﯾﺎدي ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺑﺮاي آن ﺑﺮﺷﻤﺮد، ﺳﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ وﺟﻮد دارد: ﻧﺨﺴﺖ آﻧﮑﻪ، ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ را ﺟﺰ از ﻧﮕﺎه و ﻣﻨﻄﻖ ﺧﻮد ﻗﻀﺎوت و ﺗﻮﺟﯿﻪ ﻧﻤﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ. دوم اﯾﻨﮑﻪ، از اﻋﻤﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ورود ﺿﺮر ﺑﻪ دﯾﮕﺮان ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، اِﺑﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ، ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﯾﻼت ﻧﻮع دوﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ در آﻧﻬﺎ ﺿﻌﯿﻒ اﺳﺖ ﯾﺎ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد ﺑﻠﮑﻪ از ﻧﻮﻋﯽ ﺑﯽﺗﻔﺎوﺗﯽ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ در ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼﺗﺸﺎن ﺑﺎ اﻓﺮاد دﯾﮕﺮ رﻧﺞ ﻣﯽﺑﺮﻧﺪ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ﭼﺮاﯾﯽ و ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ وﻗﻮعِ اﯾﻦ ﺑﯽﺗﻔﺎوﺗﯽ ﺑﻮده، درﺻﺪد ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﺟﺮمﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﮔﺬار ﻣﺠﺮﻣﺎﻧﻪ رواﯾﺘﯽ از زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﯾﮏ ﺟﻨﺎﯾﺘﮑﺎر ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎم رودﻟﻒ ﻓﺮاﻧﺘﺲ ﻫﻮس ﮐﻪ ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪه او را رودﻟﻒ ﻻﻧﮓ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ، اراﺋﻪ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ. رواﯾﺘﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﺑﻨﯿﺎدي ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ اﺳﺖ: ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﺗﺒﻠﻮر رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺳﺘﯿﺰاﻧﻪ ﻣﺘﺄﺛﺮ از ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪﻫﺎ و ﺧﺎﻃﺮات ﮐﻮدﮐﯽ، ﻓﻘﺪان ﻋﻠﻘﻪﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﯽ، ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﺧﻄﺮ در دورهﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﯽ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ و ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺘﺎً ﺷﮑﻞﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ ﺟﻨﺎﯾﯽ و ﺗﮑﻮﯾﻦ آن در ﺑﺴﺘﺮ زﻣﺎن.

Every legal regime is a purposeful, systematic, and inherently unified set. In the national legal regime, the government and in international law, the United Nations is the axis of the international legal regime. Governments have international responsibility for violating international obligations because of their special position of "sovereignty." The responsibility of states for their actions, which is interpreted as "international responsibility", includes compensatory mechanisms, which follow "international obligations". International aviation law includes international obligations that governments are committed to complying with. Requirements of governments include; "Governance obligations such as the obligation to cooperate and legislate" (Do's) and "the obligation to abandon prohibited acts and prevent and deal with violators of the rules" (don'ts). The author's purpose in presenting the issues and topics of the forthcoming article is how civil liability, acceptance and commitment to international treaties and conventions, along with the oversight actions of national airlines, can improve the safety and security of airlines and airports?