رويكرد حقوقي به بيت كوين وقياس آن با بورس

Legal approach to bitcoin and its comparison with the stock market

ﺑﯿﺖ ﮐﻮﯾﻦ ﻧﻮﻋﯽ ﭘﻮل ﻣﺠﺎزي و ارز دﯾﺠﯿﺘﺎل اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ آن، ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت زﻣﺎﻧﺒﺮي اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان آﻧﺮا ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻬﺎم ﯾﺎ ﭘﻮل ﻓﻠﺰي داد و ﺳﺘﺪ ﻧﻤﻮد و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﮥ اﯾﻦ داد و ﺳﺘﺪ، ﺑﻪ وﺟﻮد آﻣﺪن ﯾﮏ ﻧﻮع اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﻣﺎﻟﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ دارﻧﺪة آن، ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ وﺳﯿﻠﮥ آن، ﺧﺮﯾﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم داده و از آن ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻔﺎي ﺗﻌﻬﺪات ﺧﻮﯾﺶ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ. ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ و رﺳﻤﯿﺖ ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﯿﺖ ﮐﻮﯾﻦ، ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻦ ﻧﻬﺎد ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﺻﺎدرﮐﻨﻨﺪه و دﯾﺠﯿﺘﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﻮدن آن اﺳﺖ؛ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﻪ ﺗﺮاﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﺖ ﮐﻮﯾﻦ ﺑﺪون ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ واﺳﻄﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد و ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺗﺮاﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻧﻬﺎد ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻧﮏ ﯾﺎ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﺎت دﯾﮕﺮ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ، ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﯾﺮان و ﭼﻨﺪ ﮐﺸﻮر دﯾﮕﺮ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ از ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﭼﻨﯿﻦ درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺳﻮد و ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﯿﺖ ﮐﻮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎﺑﻪ ﺣﺎل از ﺑﻮرس ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮده اﻣﺎ ﻣﯿﺰان اﻣﻨﯿﺖ و ﺑﯽ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺑﻮدن در ﺑﻮرس ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮازﺑﯿﺖ ﮐﻮﯾﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Bitcoin is a type of virtual currency and digital currency whose produc tion is the result of time-consum ing computi ng activiti es that can be trad ed like stocks or coins, and the result of this trade is the creation of a type of financ ial credit that the holder can Buy the device and use it to fulfill its obligations. Legal problems and non- recognition of bitcoin is due to the lack of a central issuing body and its digitali ty. In this way, bitcoin transactions are done with out the need for in termediaries and Trans actio ns do not require centralized instituti ons such as banks or other in stituti ons.