رﺷﺪ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺷﺮﮐﺖ و آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺳﻮد ﻓﺼﻠﯽ

Company Growth and Performance and Seasonal Profit Management Tests

در ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮدهاي از ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﻈﺮي در ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺪاري و اﻣﻮر ﻣﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر آزﻣﻮن ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺳﻮد ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ اﻗﻼم ﺗﻌﻬﺪي اﺧﺘﯿﺎري از ﻣﺪل ﺟﻮﻧﺰ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. اﯾﻦ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﻈﺮي ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﯽ در ﻣﻮرد آزﻣﻮن ﺷﻮاﻫﺪي ﺑﺮ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺳﻮد در ﻣﻮرد وﻗﺎﯾﻊ ﺧﺎص ﺷﺮﮐﺖ )ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮانﻣﺜﺎل، ﻗﺮاردادﻫﺎي ﭘﺎداش ﻣﺪﯾﺮان و ﻗﺮارداد ﺑﺪﻫﯽ( ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ آﺛﺎر ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﺑﺮ آزﻣﻮن ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺳﻮد ﻓﺼﻠﯽ در ﺷﺮﮐﺖﻫﺎي ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺘﻪﺷﺪه در ﺑﻮرس اوراق ﺑﻬﺎدار ﺗﻬﺮان ﻃﯽ ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي 1388 ﺗﺎ 1398 ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي از روش ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮي اﺳﺘﻔﺎدهﺷﺪه ﮐﻪ در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع 74 ﺷﺮﮐﺖ )3256 ﻓﺼﻞ – ﺷﺮﮐﺖ( اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺷﺪه ﺗﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ آنﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺳﻮد ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، آزﻣﻮن ﻓﺮﺿﯿﻪﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺪل رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﺧﻄﯽ ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ 95 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﺑﺮ آزﻣﻮن ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺳﻮد ﻓﺼﻠﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ دارد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻣﺠﺎزي دﻫﮑﯽ رﺷﺪ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﺑﺎ آزﻣﻮن ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺳﻮد ﻓﺼﻠﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻏﯿﺮﺧﻄﯽ دارد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﻣﺪلﻫﺎي ﺗﻌﻬﺪي اﺧﺘﯿﺎري ﻧﻮع ﺟﻮﻧﺰ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻓﺼﻠﯽ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﻗﻼم ﺗﻌﻬﺪي ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ رﺷﺪ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ اﺗﻔﺎق ﻣﯽاﻓﺘﺪ، ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻧﻤﯽﺷﻮﻧﺪ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻋﺪم ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﺛﺮات رﺷﺪ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﺑﺮ اﻗﻼم ﺗﻌﻬﺪي ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش ﻧﺎدرﺳﺖ در آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺳﻮد ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﮔﺰارشﻫﺎي ﻓﺼﻠﯽ ﺟﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ اﻓﺮا ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺳﻮد ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻗﺪرت ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ از ﺧﻮد ﻧﺸﺎن داده و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺪلﻫﺎي اﻗﻼم ﺗﻌﻬﺪي اﺧﺘﯿﺎري در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺳﻮد دارد.

Jones model is used in a wide range of theoretical foundations in accounting and finance to test earnings management based on optional accruals. These theoretical foundations include studies examining evidence on earnings management for company-specific events (e.g., managers' bonus contracts and debt contracts). The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the growth and performance variables of the company on the quarterly earnings management test in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2009 to 1398. A screening method was used for sampling and a total of 74 companies (3256 chapters - companies) were selected. In this study, company growth and performance indicators are considered as independent variables to examine their impact on profit management. In this study, hypotheses were tested by multiple linear regression model at 95% level using EViews 8 software. The results showed that the growth and performance indicators of the company have an effect on the seasonal profit management test. These results also showed that the virtual indicators of the company's growth and performance decile have a non-linear relationship with the seasonal profit management test. The results show that the Jones-type optional accrual models that are commonly used in seasonal earthquakes are not sufficiently controlled for accruals that occur naturally due to the growth of the company, as well as the lack of control over the effects of growth and The company's performance on accruals leads to incorrect acceptance in earnings management tests. As a result, this research can show great power in quarterly reports where maples are looking for earnings management, and also these findings have important implications for the use of optional accrual models in earnings management research.