بررسي روش هاي حل و فصل اختلافات در قرارداد هاي پيمانكاري با مطالعه تطبيقي در فيديك

A Study of Dispute Resolution Methods in Contracting Contracts by Comparative Study in FIDIC

روشﻫﺎي ﺣﻞ و ﻓﺼﻞ اﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎت ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ روﯾﮑﺮد ﻏﯿﺮ ﻗﻀﺎﯾﯽ آن ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻞ ﺳﺮﯾﻊ وﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎ در رﺳﯿﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﻪ اﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎت ﮐﻤﮏ ﺷﺎﯾﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ. روشﻫﺎي ﺣﻞ اﺧﺘﻼف ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺗﺸﺮﯾﻔﺎت اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﻗﻀﺎﯾﯽ در ﻣﺤﺎﮐﻢ ﻣﻠﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﻗﺮاردادﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎري اﯾﺠﺎب ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ و ﭼﻪ ﺑﺴﺎ در ﻣﺤﻞ اﺟﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه ﺣﻞ و ﻓﺼﻞ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ اﺑﻬﺎم اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ آﯾﺎ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ داوري ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﺷﺪه در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﭘﯿﻤﺎن ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان روﺷﯽ ﮐﺎرآﻣﺪ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد؟ آﯾﺎ ﺑﮑﺎرﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﯿﻮهﻫﺎي ﻧﻮﯾﻦ ﻫﯿﺎت ﺣﻞ اﺧﺘﻼف در ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻗﺮاردادﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺪﯾﮏ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﺣﻞ و ﻓﺼﻞ ﺳﺮﯾﻊ اﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎت ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻠﻢ ﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﻫﯿﺎتﻫﺎي ﺣﻞ اﺧﺘﻼف و ﺣﻀﻮر ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ از اﺑﺘﺪاي ﭘﺮوژه ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﯿﻮه ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺣﻞ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ.

The dispute resolution methods due to their non-judicial approach can help to resolve disputes quickly and reduce costs in resolving disputes. Dispute resolution methods are a good alternative to inflexible judicial procedures in national courts. The nature of the contract requires that the dispute be resolved promptly and possibly at the project site. The present descriptive and analytical study seeks to address whether arbitration process can be efficient in general conditions of contract. Also, the present study tries to find out if the application of new methods of dispute resolution board presented in FIDIC sample contracts can be helpful in reducing disputes. The results indicate that the sufficient knowledge of the dispute resolution boards and the continuous presence from the beginning of the project as a new method of dispute resolution has achieved a relatively good result.