نقش خوش بيني در بهزيستي روانشناختي بر اساس آموزه هاي اسلامي و مطالعات روانشناختي

The role of optimism in psychological well-being according to Islamic teachings and psychological studies

در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎي رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﺜﺒﺖﮔﺮا، ﺧﻮشﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻪﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧـﯽ، ﻫﻤـﻮاره ﻣﻮردﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺑـﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ، ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺧـﻮشﺑﯿﻨـﯽ در ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴـﺘﯽ روانﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑـﺮ اﺳﺎس آﻣﻮزهﻫﺎي اﺳﻼﻣﯽ و ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻣﺘﻮن اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﺑـﺎ اراﺋﻪ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎي اﯾﺠﺎد و ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ ﺧﻮشﺑﯿﻨﯽ و ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑـﺮ اﺛـﺮات ﻣﺜﺒـﺖ آن و ﺑﺮﺣﺬرداﺷـﺘﻦ از ﭘﯿﺎﻣـﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻔـﯽ ﺑـﺪﺑﯿﻨﯽ، اﻧﺴﺎن را ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ رﻫﻨﻤﻮن ﻣﯽﺳﺎزد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت و ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎي روانﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﻌﺎﺻـﺮ ﻧﯿـﺰ ﻧﻘـﺶ ﺧﻮشﺑﯿﻨﯽ را ﺑﺮ اﺑﻌﺎد و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ اﻣﺎ ﺗﻔﺎوتﻫﺎﯾﯽ در ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ، ﮔﺴﺘﺮه و ﭘـﺎرهاي از ﺟﺰﺋﯿﺎت اﯾﻦ دودﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت، ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻣﯽﺷﻮد.

Optimism, in positive psychology studies, as a determining factor in mental health has been always significant. This study, using descriptive-analytical methods, aimed to investigate the role of optimism in psychological well-being according to Islamic teachings and psychological studies. Results showed that Islamic texts, by presenting mechanism to build and strengthen optimism and by insisting on positive influences of optimism and warning against unpleasant outcomes of cynicism, lead people to psychological well-being. The results of contemporary psychological studies to confirm the role of optimism in dimensions and components of psychological well-being but there are differences in the definition, scope, and some details among these two fields of study.