اثربخشي درمان گروهي مبتني بر پذيرش و تعهد با رويكرد اسلامي بر سلامت روان سالمندان

The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment-Based Group Therapy with Islamic Approach on Mental Health of the elderly

ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪي ﭘﺪﯾﺪهاي ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در آﯾﻨﺪه ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﯽ ﺧﻮاﻫـﺪ ﺑـﻮد و ﺑـﻪ دﻟﯿـﻞ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات زﯾﺴﺘﯽ، رواﻧﯽ و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، دوران ﻣﻬﻤـﯽ از زﻧـﺪﮔﯽ اﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﺴـﺎﺋﻞ و ﻧﯿﺎزﻫـﺎي آن ﺿـﺮورﺗﯽ ﺧـﺎص دارد. اﯾـﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ درﻣﺎن ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘـﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬـﺪ ﺑـﺎ روﯾﮑـﺮد اﺳـﻼﻣﯽ ﺑـﺮ ﺳـﻼﻣﺖ روان ﺳـﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان اﺳـﺘﺎن ﯾـﺰد ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻧﯿﻤﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن، ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن و ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑـﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌـﻪ آﻣـﺎري، ﺳـﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان اﺳـﺘﺎن ﯾﺰد در ﺳﺎل 1398 ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ 30 ﻧﻔـﺮ )15 ﻧﻔـﺮ ﮔـﺮوه آزﻣـﺎﯾﺶ و 15 ﻧﻔـﺮ ﮔـﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘـﺮل( ﮐـﻪ ﺑـﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس و ﺑﺎ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻣﻼكﻫﺎي ورود ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰار اﯾـﻦ ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ﭘﺮﺳﺸـﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺳـﻼﻣﺖ روان ﮔﻠـﺪﺑﺮگ و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ درﻣﺎن ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮان ﺟﻠﺴـﺎت درﻣـﺎن را ﺑـﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻨـﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻌﺘﺒـﺮ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ درﻣﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ درﻣﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨـﺎﺑﻊ اﺳـﻼﻣﯽ ﻣﻌﺘﺒـﺮ ﺗﻄﺒﯿـﻖ داده ﺷﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ 5 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﯿﻦ ﺣﻮزه روانﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ و ﻋﻠﻮم ﻗﺮآﻧﯽ رﺳﯿﺪ. ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ، ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣـﻪ درﻣـﺎن را در 8 ﺟﻠﺴـﻪ 90 دﻗﯿﻘـﻪاي درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. ﻃﺒﻖ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، درﻣﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﻣﻮﺟـﺐ اﻓـﺰاﯾﺶ اﺑﻌـﺎد ﺳـﻼﻣﺖ روان ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

Aging is a global phenomenon that in the near future will be one of the most important social challenges and due to biological, psychological, and social changes is an important are of life that its issues and need are particularly necessary to pay attention to. This study investigates the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment (ACT) with an Islamic approach on the mental health of the elderly in Yazd province. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group. The statistical population was the elderly in Yazd province in 2020. The sample includes 30 people (15 people per groups) who were selected by convenience sampling method and inclusion criteria. The research instruments were Goldberg Mental Health Questionnaire and ACT program with Islamic approach. The researchers designed the treatment sessions using credible sources on the ACT. Then, the treatment based on acceptance and commitment was adapted to valid Islamic sources and approved by 5 experts in the field of psychology and Quranic studies. The experimental group received treatment in 8 sessions of 90 minutes. According to the findings of this study, treatment based on acceptance and commitment with an Islamic approach has increased the dimensions of mental health in the elderly.