نقش هوش معنوي و طرحواره‌هاي ناسازگار اوليه در نگرش‌هاي ديني دانش‌آموزان دختر داراي خانواده‌هاي عادي و طلاق شهر گرگان

The role of spiritual intelligence and early maladaptive schemas in religious attitudes of female students with intact and divorce families in Gorgan city

ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮّرﺳﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻫـﻮش ﻣﻌﻨـﻮي و ﻃﺮﺣﻮارهﻫـﺎي ﻧﺎﺳـﺎزﮔﺎر اوﻟﯿـﻪ در ﻧﮕﺮشﻫـﺎي دﯾﻨـﯽ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان دﺧﺘﺮ داراي ﺧﺎﻧﻮادهﻫﺎي ﻋﺎدي و ﻃﻼق ﺷﻬﺮ ﮔﺮﮔﺎن ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﭘﺲ روﯾﺪادي )ﻋﻠﯽ - ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪاي( ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ داﻧﺶآﻣـﻮزان دﺧﺘـﺮ ﻣﻘﻄـﻊ ﻣﺘﻮﺳـﻄﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﺮﮔﺎن ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 94 - 1393 ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻞ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ 35 دﺧﺘﺮ داراي ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﻃﻼق و 35 دﺧﺘﺮ داراي ﺧﺎﻧﻮادهﻫﺎي ﻋﺎدي ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳـﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻤﻊآوري دادهﻫﺎ از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫـﻮش ﻣﻌﻨـﻮي ﮐﯿﻨـﮓ، ﻓـﺮم ﮐﻮﺗـﺎه ﻃﺮﺣـﻮاره ﯾﺎﻧـﮓ و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﮕﺮشﻫﺎي ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ ﺑﺮاﻫﻨﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. دادهﻫـﺎ ﺑـﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣـﻮن ﻫﻤﺒﺴـﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳـﻮن و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑـﯿﻦ ﻫـﻮش ﻣﻌﻨـﻮي و ﻃﺮﺣﻮارهﻫـﺎي ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎر ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺮشﻫﺎي دﯾﻨﯽ در دﺧﺘﺮان داراي ﺧﺎﻧﻮادهﻫﺎي ﻋﺎدي راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨـﯽدار وﺟـﻮد دارد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﯿﻦ، ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻫﻮش ﻣﻌﻨﻮي و ﻧﮕﺮش ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ، در دﺧﺘـﺮان داراي ﺧﺎﻧﻮادهﻫـﺎي ﻋـﺎدي ﺑﯿﺸـﺘﺮ از دﺧﺘـﺮان داراي ﺧﺎﻧﻮادهﻫــﺎي ﻃــﻼق اﺳــﺖ. اﻓــﺰون ﺑــﺮ اﯾــﻦ، ﻣﯿــﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻃﺮﺣﻮارهﻫــﺎي ﻧﺎﺳــﺎزﮔﺎر اوﻟﯿــﻪ در دﺧﺘــﺮان داراي ﺧﺎﻧﻮادهﻫﺎي ﻋﺎدي، ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از دﺧﺘﺮان داراي ﺧﺎﻧﻮادهﻫﺎي ﻃﻼق ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ.

The aim of this study was to compare spiritual intelligence, early maladaptive schemas, and religious attitudes in female students with intact and divorce families. The research method was descriptive post-event (causal-comparative). The statistical sample includes high-schooler girls in Gorgan city in the 2014-2015 academic year. The statistical sample included 35 girls with divorce and 35 girls with intact families. Convenience sampling method was applied. To collect the data, King’s Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire, Young’s Schema Short Form, and Braheni’s Religious Attitudes Questionnaire were used. Data were analyzed using Pearson coefficient correlation test and multivariate analysis of variance. Findings showed that there is a significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and schemas incompatible with religious attitudes in girls with intact families. Also, the average spiritual intelligence and religious attitude is higher in girls with intact families than girls with divorced families. In addition, the average of early maladaptive schemas in girls with intact families was lower than girls with divorced families.