تناسخ ملكوتي در فلسفه صدرالمتالهين

Spiritual Transmigration in Mulla Sadraʹs Philosophy

The common meaning of transmigration is the after-death transfer of manʹs soul to another body which might belong to another man, animal, vegetable, or inanimate being. This meaning necessitates the negation of resurrection and otherworldly reivification, is rationally impossible and false, and is absolutely against the Religious Law (Shariʹa). Mulla Sadra, too, through adducing a number of well - grounded reasons and presenting firm philosophical arguments which are based on his Transcendent philosophy, as well as through resorting to the related verses and hadiths, has rejected this meaning of transmigration. The transfer of the soul from the worldly to the otherworldly body, which is in conformity to the attributes and virtues the soul has obtained in this world, is not basically considered a referent for impossible transmigration (the transfer of the soul for wretched people is similar to the animal whose characteristics have overcome their souls). Such a transfer, if referred to as transmigration, is in fact due to terminological similarity. The writer has called the transmigration referred to in the above paragraph Spiritual Transmigration to distinguish it from false transmigration. Spiritual Transmigration is in fact the embodiment of deeds referred to in verses and hadiths, which are naturally acceptable to Mulla Sadra. He maintains that the truth of this concept of transmigration can he proved on the basis of corporeal resurrection. This paper is intended to explain the concept and types of transmigration, to present the reasons for its falsity and impossibility, and finally to prove Spiritual Transmigration, or the embodiment of deeds, through reference to Mulla Sadraʹs arguments and views in this regard.