پديد آورندگان :
ﺧﻮﺑﺪل، ﻣﻬﺪي داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺑﻘﯿﻪاﷲ ( عج) - ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ، ﺗﻬﺮان، اﯾﺮان , رﻧﺠﺒﺮ، رﺿﺎ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺑﻘﯿﻪاﷲ ( عج) - ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژي ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻟﯽ، ﺗﻬﺮان، اﯾﺮان , ﺟﻼﻟﯽ ﺳﻨﺪي، ﺟﻼل داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﮔﯿﻼن - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻋﻠﻮم ﮐﺸﺎورزي - ﮔﺮوه ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭙﺰﺷﮑﯽ، رﺷﺖ، اﯾﺮان , ﺷﺎﯾﮕﺎن، داود داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﮔﯿﻼن - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻋﻠﻮم ﮐﺸﺎورزي - ﮔﺮوه ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭙﺰﺷﮑﯽ، رﺷﺖ، اﯾﺮان
چكيده فارسي :
از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ روشﻫﺎي ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺑﯿﻤﺎريزا در ﺟﻨﮓﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺣﺸﺮات ﻧﺎﻗﻞ ﺧﻮﻧﺨﻮار اﺳﺖ. ﮐﮏﻫﺎ از ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺣﺸﺮات ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ در اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﺑﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ و ﺑﻪروزرﺳﺎﻧﯽ روشﻫﺎي ﻧﻮﯾﻦ و اﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﯽ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺣﺸﺮات از ﺿﺮورﯾﺎت ﭘﺪاﻓﻨﺪ ﻏﯿﺮﻋﺎﻣﻞ و آﻣﺎدهﺳﺎزي ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﻼت ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﭘﯿﺪﻣﯽﻫﺎي ﻏﯿﺮﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮه ﺑﯿﻤﺎري اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﮐﮏﻫﺎ، راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﯽ ﻋﻤﻞ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ روي ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ و اﻧﺴﺎن را داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﺮوري ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺷﺒﻪ ﻫﻮرﻣﻮﻧﯽ و ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢﮐﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ﺣﺸﺮات در ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﮐﮏﻫﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﻘﺎﻻت، ﭘﺎﯾﮕﺎهﻫﺎي اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ Citation Index ،Science direct ،Scopus ،PubMed ،EMBASE و Google Scholar ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت، راﻫﺒﺮد ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ و اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﮐﻠﻤﺎت ﮐﻠﯿﺪي Siphonaptera ،Fleas ،Control، Insect hormones mimics ،Insect growth regulator، ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﮐﻠﻤﺎت ﮐﻠﯿﺪي در ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻘﺎﻻت و ﺑﺪون ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎل 2020 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢﮐﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺗﺠﺎري رﺳﯿﺪهاﻧﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ آﻧﺎﻟﻮگﻫﺎي ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن ﺟﻮاﻧﯽ، آﮔﻮﻧﯿﺴﺖﻫﺎي اﮐﺪاﯾﺴﺘﺮوﺋﯿﺪ و ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪهﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﮐﯿﺘﯿﻦ، آﻧﺎﻟﻮگﻫﺎي ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن ﺟﻮاﻧﯽ و ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪهﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﮐﯿﺘﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ را ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﮐﮏﻫﺎ داﺷﺘﻪاﻧﺪ. ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢﮐﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ﺣﺸﺮات ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ اﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﯽ ﺑﻮدن ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﺣﺸﺮات، ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎري ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮي در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ، ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺳﻤﻮم اﯾﻤﻦ دارﻧﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﮐﮏﻫﺎ را ﺳﺮﮐﻮب ﮐﻨﻨﺪ و از ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﺪاوم ﺳﻤﻮم ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺑﺮوز ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ در ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﮐﮏﻫﺎ را ﻣﺨﺘﻞ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ. در ﺻﻮرت اﻧﺠﺎم ﺣﻤﻼت ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﮐﮏﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﻗﻞ ﻃﺎﻋﻮن در ﺟﻨﮓﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ، ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢﮐﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﺎﯾﺮوﭘﺮوﮐﺴﯽﻓﻦ و ﻟﻮﻓﻨﻮرون ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ، ﺑﺪون آﺳﯿﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻧﯿﺮوﻫﺎي ﺧﻮدي، ﺑﻘﺎ و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﻣﺜﻞ ﮐﮏﻫﺎ را ﻣﺨﺘﻞ ﮐﺮده و ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﮐﮏ را در زﻣﺎن ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﮐﻨﻨﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
The use of blood-sucking insects is one of the most important methods for pathogen prevalence in biological
warfare. Fleas are one of the most important insects in transmitting microbial agents. Developing and updating
new and specific methods of insect control is essential for passive defense and preparation of biological attacks
as well as unexpected disease epidemics. For successful flea management, the used strategies must be selective
and have minimal impact on the environment and humans. In the current study, effects of hormone-like
compounds and IGRs on fleas control have been reviewed. Data bases including EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus,
Science direct, Citation Index, and Google Scholar were used as authentic sources. To retrieve the data, the search
strategy and selection of articles was based on the keywords including Control, Fleas, Siphonaptera, Insect growth
regulator, Insect hormone mimics, with different possible combinations were performed. We also used the
keywords mainly mentioned in the titles of the articles without time limit but limited to 2020. The results of the
study demonstrated that among the commercial growth regulators including juvenile hormone analogues,
ecdysteroid agonists, and chitin synthesis inhibitors, the juvenile hormone analogues and chitin synthesis
inhibitors have been most effective against fleas. In addition to their specificity, the growth regulators apart their
safety are also considered persistant then their counterparts. These compounds can suppress flea populations and
prevent the continued use of chemical pesticides. On the other hand, they impair resistance development in fleas.
When fleas are used in biological warfare, growth regulators such as pyriproxyfen and lufenuron can disrupt flea
survival and reproduction and control flea populations in a short while without harming own forces.
