كاربرد شاعرانه سازها و اصطلاحات موسيقي در شعر اخوان ثالث‌با تأكيد بر صور خيال

The musical usage of the instruments and terms of Akhavan Sales poetry with emphasis on imagery

ﺷﺎﻋﺮان از دﯾﺮﺑﺎز ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﻌﺎﻧﯽ و ﻣﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﺧﻮد ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان آﮔﺎﻫﯽﺷﺎن، اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت و ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن را ﺑﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﮔﺎه ﺷﻌﺮ آﻧﺎن را ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ دﺷﻮاري، دﯾﺮﻓﻬﻤﯽ و ﺧﻮدﻧﻤﺎﯾﯽ ﺳﻮق داده و ﮔﺎه ﺑﻪ زﯾﺒﺎﯾﯽ و ﻏﻨﺎي ادﺑﯽ آن اﻓﺰوده اﺳﺖ.اﺧﻮان ﺛﺎﻟﺚ از ﺷﺎﻋﺮان ﺑﺰرگ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﺷﻌﺮ او آﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﺨﺶ اﺳﺖ و اﯾﻦ آﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، داﻧﺶ و ﺗﺨﺼﺺ اوﺳﺖ. ﻣﻮﺳﯿﻘﯽ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﺧﻮان ﺛﺎﻟﺚ آن را ﻧﯿﮏ ﻣﯽداﻧﺴﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. او در ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از اﺷﻌﺎرش ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎزﻫﺎ و اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت ﻣﻮﺳﯿﻘﯽ اﺷﺎره ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ و ﮔﺎه ﻣﻮﺳﯿﻘﯽ را دﺳﺖﻣﺎﯾﮥ ﭘﺮورش ﺻﻮر ﺧﯿﺎل ﺷﻌﺮ ﺧﻮد ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﭘﺮﺳﺶ اﺻﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ آﯾﺎ اﺧﻮان ﺛﺎﻟﺚ روﯾﮑﺮدي ﺷﺎﻋﺮاﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎزﻫﺎ و اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت ﻣﻮﺳﯿﻘﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ؟اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ در ﻧﻈﺮ دارد ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ روش آﻣﺎري ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮي از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪاي ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺳﺎزﻫﺎ و اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت ﻣﻮﺳﯿﻘﺎﯾﯽ در ﺷﻌﺮ ﺷﻬﺮﯾﺎر و اﺑﺘﻬﺎج ﺑﭙﺮدازﻧﺪ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺷﺎﻋﺮاﻧﮥ ﺳﺎزﻫﺎ و اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت ﻣﻮﺳﯿﻘﯽ را ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻮرﺧﯿﺎل در ﺷﻌﺮ اﺧﻮان ﺛﺎﻟﺚ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﺪ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽﻫﺎي ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ اﺧﻮان ﺛﺎﻟﺚ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ و ﻣﻌﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﺧﻮد را ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮي از اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت ﻣﻮﺳﯿﻘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ و اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻌﺮ او اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﺑﺨﺸﯿﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻇﺮاﻓﺖﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ اﺧﻮان در ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮيﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﻋﺮاﻧﻪ از ﺳﺎزﻫﺎ و اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﻣﯽﺑﺮد، ﺟﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺎزه در ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪ ﮐﻼم و واژﮔﺎن ﻣﻮﺳﯿﻘﺎﯾﯽ دﻣﯿﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺷﺎﻫﺪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺪﻋﺎ ﻣﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ و ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮي اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺷﻌﺮ »آواز ﭼﮕﻮر« ﺧﻠﻖ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. ﺻﻮر ﺧﯿﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺳﺎزﻫﺎ و اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت ﻣﻮﺳﯿﻘﯽ در ﺷﻌﺮ او ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه،ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ، رﺳﺎ و ﺳﺮﺷﺎر از ﭘﻮﯾﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ. اﺧﻮان ﺛﺎﻟﺚ ﻫﺮﺟﺎ اﺻﻄﻼﺣﯽ ﻣﻮﺳﯿﻘﺎﯾﯽ را ﺑﺎ ﺻﻮرﺧﯿﺎل ﻫﻤﺮاه ﮐﺮده، ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﻓﺮاﺗﺮ از ﻣﻌﻨﺎي ﻗﺎﻣﻮﺳﯽ آن، ﭘﺪﯾﺪ آورده و ﺑﻪ آن اﺻﻄﻼح ﺗﺸﺨﺺ داده اﺳﺖ.

Poets have long used various terms and elements to convey their meanings and themes according to their level of knowledge. This application has sometimes led their poetry to difficulty, misunderstanding and ostentation, and sometimes has led to its beauty and literary richness.Akhavan Sales is one of the great contemporary poets. His poetry is informative and this awareness is the product of his study, his knowledge and expertise. Music is one of the arts the Akhavan Sales has called it. In many of his poems, he refers to musical instruments and expressions of music, sometimes making music a livelier for his poetic imagery.The main question of this research is whether Akhavan Sales had a poetic approach to musical instruments and terms?The purpose of this research is to investigate the imaginary imagery in the musical usage of the terms, words and instruments of Akhavan Sales poetry. Studies have shown that Akhavan Sales has well-conceived meanings and concepts with the use of the terms of music, and these applications have given credence to his poetry. In this research, the author has extracted and reviewed abstracts containing the terms of music. These verses are important from the point of view of imagination and poetic point of view. This research shows that the subtleties that the Brotherhood uses in its poetic use of instruments and terms have breathed new life into the body of words and musical words. Evidence of this claim is the themes and images he has created in the poem "Avaz Chegor". The imaginary forms used in his poetry using musical instruments and terms are natural, expressive and full of dynamism. Wherever Akhavan Sales has combined a musical term with imaginary, it has created a meaning beyond its lexical meaning and identified it with that term.