بررسي نيازهاي اساسي انسان در شخصيت شيخ صنعان بر اساس تئوري انتخاب گلاسر

Investigating basic human needs in Sheikh Sanan's personality based on Glaser's choice theory

ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ آﺛﺎر ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎن و ﺷﺎﻋﺮان ﻣﻄﺮح ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪﻫﺎي روانﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻧﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺷﯿﻮهﻫﺎي درﺧﻮر ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺮاي آﺷﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺑﺎ اﻧﺪﯾﺸﻪ، ﺷﻌﺮو ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ آﻧﻬﺎ اﺳﺖ.ﺑﺮﻫﻤﯿﻦ اﺳﺎس، ﺑﺮ آن ﻫﺴﺘﯿﻢ ﺗﺎ داﺳﺘﺎن ﺷﯿﺦ ﺻﻨﻌﺎن و دﺧﺘﺮ ﺗﺮﺳﺎ را ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺮح در ﺗﺌﻮري اﻧﺘﺨﺎب روان ﺷﻨﺎس ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ، وﯾﻠﯿﺎم ﮔﻼﺳﺮ، ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار دﻫﯿﻢ. ﻟﺬا ﻧﺨﺴﺖ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﮥ ﮔﻼﺳﺮ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺳﭙﺲ داﺳﺘﺎن ﺷﯿﺦ ﺻﻨﻌﺎن و دﺧﺘﺮ ﺗﺮﺳﺎ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ارﺗﺒﺎط داﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪه ﺗﺎ اﺑﻌﺎد ﺗﺎزه اي از آن ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﮔﻼﺳﺮ، ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻧﯿﺎز در ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ ﺷﯿﺦ ﺻﻨﻌﺎن ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ از ﺑﯿﻦ ﭘﻨﺞ ﻧﯿﺎز اﺳﺎﺳﯽ اﻧﺴﺎن)ﻋﺸﻖ، ﺑﻘﺎ، ﻗﺪرت، آزادي، ﺗﻔﺮﯾﺢ( ﮐﻪ ﮔﻼﺳﺮ ﻣﻄﺮح ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ، ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻋﺸﻖ ﺑﯿﺶ از ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎ ﺟﻠﻮه ﮔﺮ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﻟﺒﺘّﻪ ﻋﺸﻖ در ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ ﺷﯿﺦ ﺻﻨﻌﺎن از ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ و ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ و ﯾﮑﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﻧﯿﺴﺖ و ﮔﺎﻫﯽ از ﻋﺸﻖ ﻧﻔﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﻓﺎﻧﯽ در ﻧﻮﺳﺎن اﺳﺖ. دﯾﮕﺮ ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ: ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻗﺪرت، ﺑﻘﺎ و آزادي در ﺷﯿﺦ ﺻﻨﻌﺎن در ﮔﺮو ﻋﺸﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺸﻮﻗﮥ ﺣﻘﯿﻘﯽ ﻧﻤﻮد ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ؛ اﻣﺎ ﻧﯿﺎزي ﮐﻪ ﮔﻮاه ﺑﺮ ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺮﯾﺢ در ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ ﺷﯿﺦ ﺻﻨﻌﺎن ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد.

Examining the works of prominent writers and poets based on psychological theories is one of the noteworthy ways to get better acquainted with thought, poetry and their personality. Accordingly, we intend to examine the story of Sheikh Sanan and Tersa's daughter based on the fundamental needs of contemporary contemporary psychologist William Glasser. Therefore, first, Glaser theory is introduced, then the story of Sheikh Sanan and Tersa's daughter is analyzed. Examining the relationship between the story and this theory has led to the emergence of new dimensions of it. This descriptive-analytical study using Glasser's theory seeks to investigate the concept of need in the personality of Sheikh Sanan. The results show that out of the five basic human needs (love, survival, power, freedom, entertainment) that Glasser raises, the need for love is more pronounced than other needs. Of course, love does not have the same quality and state in the character of Sheikh Sanan, and sometimes it fluctuates from carnal to mystical love. Other needs, such as the need for power, survival and freedom in Sheikh Sanan, depend on the love of the true lover; But there is no need to prove the need for fun in the character of Sheikh Sanan.