ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺧﻮاﻧﺶ ﺑﻮﻃﯿﻘﺎﯾﯽ اﺷﻌﺎر ﺣﺎﻓﻆ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﺻﻮل ﻫﺮﻣﻨﻮﺗﯿﮏ

Study of the poetic readings of Hafez poems based on the principles of hermeneutics

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه اﺷﻌﺎر ﺣﺎﻓﻆ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻋﺎﻟﯽ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻮاﻧﺶ ﺑﻮﻃﯿﻘﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﯽ آﯾﺪ؛ ﻫﻨﺮﺳﺎزه ﻫﺎي اﯾﻬﺎم و ﻃﻨﺰ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺴﺰاﯾﯽ در ﺗﺄوﯾﻞ اﺷﻌﺎر ﺣﺎﻓﻆ دارد. ﺣﺎﻓﻆ در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻧﺤﻮي و ﻇﺮاﯾﻒ ﻫﻨﺮي از ﻗﺮآن ﻣﺠﯿﺪ ﻣﺘﺄﺛﺮ اﺳﺖ؛ ﭼﻮن ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎر و ﭘﻮد ﮐﻼم ﺣﺎﻓﻆ ﺑﺎ آﯾﺎت اﻟﻬﯽ ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪ ﺧﻮرده اﺳﺖ. زﺑﺎن اﺷﺎرت ﺣﺎﻓﻆ در ﺑﺮدارﻧﺪة ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﻇﺮﯾﻒ رﻧﺪاﻧﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ زﺑﺎن وﺣﯿﺎﻧﯽ و آﺳﻤﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ؛ در ﻋﯿﻦ ﺣﺎل ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻣﻘﺎم ﺑﺮزﺧﯽ اﻧﺴﺎن اﺳﺖ؛ ﻫﻢ ﺳﺮوﮐﺎرش ﺑﺎ ﻟﺐ ﺟﺎم و رخ ﺳﺎﻗﯽ ﺳﯿﻤﯿﻦ ﺳﺎق اﺳﺖ، ﻫﻢ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻧﺎب ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﮥ ﻋﺮﻓﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﮐﻠﯿﺪ واژه ﻫﺎي »ﺑﻮﻃﯿﻘﺎ«، »ﻫﺮﻣﻨﻮﺗﯿﮏ« و »ﺧﻮاﻧﺶ« اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. آﻧﭽﻪ در ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ زﯾﺒﺎﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﻄﺮح ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، ﺷﮑﻞ دﯾﮕﺮي از ﺗﺌﻮري ﻫﺎي ﮔﺎداﻣﺮ، ﭘﻞ رﯾﮑﻮر، ﻫﺎﯾﺪﮔﺮ و ژاك ﻻﮐﺎن اﺳﺖ؛ ﭼﻮن ژاك ﻻﮐﺎن ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ راﺑﻄﮥ دال و ﻣﺪﻟﻮل زﺑﺎن دارد و ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ اﺳﺖ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻪ اﯾﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺳﯿﺎل ﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ارزش ﻫﺮﻣﻨﻮﺗﯿﮑﯽ آن ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻫﻨﺮي ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮص ﻃﻨﺰ و اﯾﻬﺎم راﺑﻄﮥ دال و ﻣﺪﻟﻮل را ﺳﯿﺎل ﺗﺮ و در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻣﺘﻦ را ﺑﻪ ﯾﮏ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻋﺎﻟﯽ ادﺑﯽ ﺗﺄوﯾﻞ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﻣﺒﺪل ﻣﯽ ﺳﺎزد.

Hafiz's poetry is one of the finest texts for the poetic readings; the art of satirical structures has a significant impact on the interpretation of Hafez's poetry. Hafez has influenced the Holy Quran in the syntax and artistic structure, because the meaning of the word of Hafez is tied to divine verses. Hafez's poetry language contains elegant concepts of randy with a revelatory and heavenly language, while expressing the status of a human being; it also deals with the lips of the cup and the shining of Simin Shagh, which also represents the most purely mystical experience. This research was conducted in an analytical method using all the words "bootia", "hermeneutics" and "reading".In the poetry of Hafez, which creates an amazing point and a miracle, it is normative, not normative; among the arts, satire and inspiration are of high frequency. The lack of attention of the exponents to these two arts has made some interpretations a shallow and superficial one. In addition to hermeneutic meaning, poeticism is also valuable in artistic terms, as it causes artistic expression in readers; reading readers with a rhetorical interpretation, in particular, by re-reading the text to artistic delicacies, especially the secret artifacts of Hafez.