تاثير تمرين در منزل بر وضعيت كيفيت زندگي و شاخص هاي آمادگي جسماني زنان در دوره شيوع ويروس كرونا

The effect of home exercise on quality of life and fitness indicators of women during the coronavirus outbreak

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ در ﻣﻨﺰل ﺑﺮ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي آﻣﺎدﮔﯽ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﯽ زﻧﺎن در دوره ﺷﯿﻮع وﯾﺮوس ﮐﺮوﻧﺎ ﺑﻮد. ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻫﺎ: روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻧﻮع ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﭘﯿﺶ آزﻣﻮن - ﭘﺲ آزﻣﻮن ﺑﻮد. آزﻣﻮدﻧﯽ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ 60 ﻧﻔﺮ از زﻧﺎن داوﻃﻠﺐ ﻏﯿﺮورزﺷﮑﺎر ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ (30 ﻧﻔﺮ) و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل (30 ﻧﻔﺮ) ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰار اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺮم ﮐﻮﺗﺎه ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﮥ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ (8-SF) و آزﻣﻮن ﻫﺎي آﻣﺎدﮔﯽ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ورزﺷﯽ داﺧﻞ ﻣﻨﺰل ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت دوره ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﻣﺠﺎزي و زﯾﺮ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﯽ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. داده ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن آﻣﺎري ﺗﯽ اﺳﺘﯿﻮدﻧﺖ در ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي واﺑﺴﺘﻪ و ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار Spss ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﭘﺲ از 8 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ورزﺷﯽ در ﻣﻨﺰل، ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮات ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﮔﺮوه ﻓﻌﺎل در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺮاد ﮔﺮوه ﻏﯿﺮﻓﻌﺎل ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﻤﺮات آزﻣﻮن ﻫﺎي ﭼﺎﺑﮑﯽ، ﻗﺪرت ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺗﻨﻪ، اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺖ ﻋﻀﻼت ﺷﮑﻢ و ﺗﻌﺎدل اﯾﺴﺘﺎ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﭘﺲ آزﻣﻮن ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ داﺷﺖ (p<0/01). ؛ وﻟﯿﮑﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺖ ﻗﻠﺒﯽ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ ﺑﺮاي آزﻣﻮدﻧﯽ ﻫﺎي ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﭘﺲ آزﻣﻮن اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ (p>0/05). ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﻧﻄﯿﻨﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﯽ ﻣﺪت، اﻧﺠﺎم ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ورزﺷﯽ در ﻣﻨﺰل ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ راﻫﮑﺎر ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺰاﯾﺎي ورزش و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺪﻧﯽ در دوره ﺷﯿﻮع وﯾﺮوس ﮐﺮوﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Background and Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of home exercise on quality of life and fitness indicators of women during the outbreak of coronavirus. Material and Methods: The method of the present study was quasi-experimental studies with a pretest-posttest design with two experimental and control groups. The subjects of the study were 60 non-athlete female volunteers who were randomly divided into experimental (n = 30) and control (n = 30) groups. Measurement tools included a short form of Quality of Life Questionnaire (SF-8) and physical fitness tests. The training program of the experimental group included 8 weeks of indoor sports training as a virtual training course using information and communication technologies under the Internet. Research data were analyzed using Student's t-test independent groups using Spss software. Results: Findings showed that after 8 weeks of exercise at home, the average quality of life scores of the active group was higher than those of the inactive group. Agility test scores, lower torso strength, abdominal muscle endurance and static balance increased significantly in the post-test phase (p<0.01).; However, the cardiorespiratory endurance index did not increase significantly for the experimental group in the post-test phase (p>0.05). Conclusion: Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that due to long-term home quarantine, doing sports activities at home can be a good way to use the benefits of exercise and physical activity during the outbreak of coronavirus.