روﯾﮑﺮد ﺑﻼﻏﯽ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ در ﻣﺜﻨﻮي وﺻﻒ آﻻت ﺟﻨﮓ ﺳﺮودة ﻣﯿﺮزا ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻃﺎﻫﺮ ﻗﺰوﯾﻨﯽ

The rhetorical approach of Musnad in Masnavi describing the instruments of war composed by Mirza Mohammad Taher Qazvini

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﻣﺜﻨﻮي »آﻻت ﺟﻨﮓ« ﺳﺮودة ﻣﯿﺮزا ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻃﺎﻫﺮ ﻗﺰوﯾﻨﯽ، از آﺛﺎر ﻣﻨﻈﻮم و ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﻗﺮن ﯾﺎزدﻫﻢ و اواﯾﻞ دوازدﻫﻢ ﻫﺠﺮي اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ اﺛﺮ داراي 800 ﺑﯿﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﺜﻨﻮي ﺳﺮوده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻣﯿﺮزا ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻃﺎﻫﺮ در ﻣﺜﻨﻮي وﺻﻒ آﻻت ﺟﻨﮓ از ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖﻫﺎي زﺑﺎﻧﯽ، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮده اﺳﺖ و از ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎي وﯾﮋة ﮔﻔﺘﺎر ﺑﺮاي اﻟﻘﺎي ﻇﺮاﻓﺖ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯾﯽ و اﻫﺪاف ﺑﻼﻏﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻌﺎﻧﯽ ﺛﺎﻧﻮي ﺑﯿﺖﻫﺎ و ﺟﻤﻠﻪﻫﺎ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺳﺨﻦ در ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﺎن اﺳﺖ. ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪه در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ درﺻﺪد آن اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮة ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ـ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و اﺑﺰار ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﻌﺮّﻓﯽ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮي از ﺷﺎﻋﺮ و ﻣﻌﺮّﻓﯽ اﺛﺮ ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪش ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ روﯾﮑﺮد ﺑﻼﻏﯽ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﺜﻨﻮي ﺑﭙﺮدازد و ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ روﯾﮑﺮد ﺑﻼﻏﯽ )اﻏﺮاض ﺛﺎﻧﻮي( ﻣﺴﻨﺪ در ﻣﺜﻨﻮي »وﺻﻒ آﻻت ﺟﻨﮓ« ﮐﺪام اﺳﺖ؟ ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﯿﺎن ارزشﻫﺎي ﺑﻼﻏﯽ در ﻣﺜﻨﻮي وﺻﻒ آﻻت ﺟﻨﮓ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن ﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﯽ، ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮص روﯾﮑﺮد ﺑﻼﻏﯽ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻋﺮ در ﻣﺜﻨﻮي ﺧﻮد از ﺗﻤﺎم ﺷﮕﺮدﻫﺎ و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي زﺑﺎﻧﯽ در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و ﮐﻼم ﺧﻮد را ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻓﻦ آراﺳﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎدة ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ از ﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎري و ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬاري ﮐﻼم و دل اﻧﮕﯿﺰي ﺳﺨﻦ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

Masnavi "Tools of War" composed by Mirza Mohammad Taher Qazvini is one of the most valuable and poetic works of the 11th and early 12th centuries AH. This work has 800 bits and is composed in the form of Masnavi. In Masnavi, Mirza Mohammad Taher has made the most of his linguistic capacities in describing the tools of war, and has used special structures of speech to induce semantic refinement and rhetorical purposes. Secondary meanings of verses and sentences are one of the most important tools for influencing speech in the audience. In this research, the author intends to study the rhetorical approach of Musnad in this Masnavi in a descriptive analytical way and library tools while briefly introducing the poet and introducing his valuable work, and to answer the question that the most and the least rhetorical approach (secondary purposes) What is the position in Masnavi "descriptions of war"? The purpose of this study is to express the rhetorical values in Masnavi describing the tools of war based on various topics of semantics, especially the rhetorical approach of Musnad. The results of the research indicate that the poet in his Masnavi has used all the tricks and linguistic capabilities in the structure of semantics well and has adorned his speech in this way and the optimal use of semantics has caused the permanence and effectiveness of the word and its charm.