ﻣﻘﺎومﺳﺎزي اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢﻫﺎي ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ زاوﯾﻪ ورود در ﺣﻀﻮر اﺛﺮ ﺗﺰوﯾﺞ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد در ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﮐﻤﮑﯽ ﺧﻮدرو

Robust DOA Estimation in the Presence of Mutual Coupling effect with Application in Auxiliary Vehicle Positioning

ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺧﻮدرو ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺷﺎﺧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻢ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ وﺳﺎﯾﻞ ﻧﻘﻠﯿﻪ، ﺗﻮﺟﻪ زﯾﺎدي را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد ﺟﻠﺐ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﺧﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﻃﻮﻻﻧﯽ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ از ﮐﺎر ﺑﯿﻔﺘﻨﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، ﯾﮏ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﮐﻤﮑﯽ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، ﮐﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻪ اﺻﻠﯽ آن ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ زاوﯾﻪ ورود ﺳﯿﮕﻨﺎلﻫﺎ )DOA( از ﻧﻘﺎط ﻣﺸﺨﺺ، ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﺎط دﺳﺖرﺳﯽ ﺑﯽﺳﯿﻢ، ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﯾﮏ آراﯾﻪ ﺣﺴﮕﺮ در ﺧﻮدرو اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ ﻓﻀﺎ، آراﯾﻪ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ در ﯾﮏ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻪ دﻟﺨﻮاه ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد و ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ اﺛﺮ ﺗﺰوﯾﺞ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ آراﯾﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺪت ﺧﺎﺻﯿﺖ اﺳﺘﻘﻼل ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ آراﯾﻪ را ﮐﺎﻫﺶ دﻫﺪ و اﯾﻦ اﺛﺮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺮﻫﻢﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺮﯾﮏ از ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺎ اﺷﯿﺎء ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﺧﻮد ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. در آﻧﺘﻦﻫﺎي آراﯾﻪاي ﺗﺰوﯾﺞ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ آراﯾﻪ ﯾﮏ اﺛﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢﻫﺎي ﭘﺮدازش ﺳﯿﮕﻨﺎل را ﺑﻪﺷﺪت ﺧﺮاب ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﯾﮏ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ و دﻗﯿﻖ از ﻣﺎﺗﺮﯾﺲ اﻣﭙﺪاﻧﺲ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ )MIM( ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﺒﺮانﺳﺎزي اﺛﺮ ﺗﺰوﯾﺞ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ در آراﯾﻪﻫﺎي ﺧﻄﯽ )ULA( ﺑﻪوﺳﯿﻠﻪ ﯾﮏ روش ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺣﻞ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﻣﺮزي ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻤﻪ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ آراﯾﻪ ﺑﻪﮐﺎر ﻣﯽرود. ﺑﺎ ﺑﻪﮐﺎر ﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﺎﺗﺮﯾﺲ اﻣﭙﺪاﻧﺲ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ در اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢﻫﺎي ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ زاوﯾﻪ ورود ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﻘﺎومﺳﺎزي اﯾﻦ اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ اﺛﺮ ﺗﺰوﯾﺞ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎزي، ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢ ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ DOA ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي را ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﺧﻮدرو را ﺑﯿﻦ ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﻗﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت دﻗﯿﻖ ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آورد و ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﯾﺠﺎد ﯾﮏ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ راﻧﻨﺪﮔﯽ اﯾﻤﻦ ﻫﻤﮑﺎري ﮐﻨﺪ.

As one of the most important branches of the Internet of Things (IoV), vehicle positioning has attracted a great deal of attention. Traditional positioning systems based on a global positioning system face long delays and may fail due to obstacles. In this paper, we propose an auxiliary positioning architecture whose core is the estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) of signals from Symptoms, such as wireless access points, using an in-vehicle sensor array. Due to space constraints, the array may be in an arbitrary geometry and suffer from the effects of mutual coupling, and the effect of mutual coupling between array elements may greatly reduce the independence of array elements. Mutual coupling in antenna arrays can critically degrade the performance of signal processing algorithms. In this paper, a new and accurate form of mutual impedance matrix (MIM) is used to compensate for the effect of mutual coupling in uniform linear arrays (ULA) by a new method based on solving the boundary value problem for all array elements. By using the MIM in the DOA estimation algorithms, these algorithms will be robust to the mutual coupling effect. The simulation results confirm the performance improvement of the proposed DOA estimation algorithm. The proposed architecture can obtain robust self-localization with existing vehicular ad hoc networks, and it can collaborate with other positioning systems to provide a safe driving environment.