ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و ﭘﯿﺎدهﺳﺎزي ﭘﻠﺘﻔﺮم ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﻣﺒﺎدﻟﻪ اﻧﺮژي ﻫﻤﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺘﺎي ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻼﮐﭽﯿﻦ

Design and Implementation of a Local Blockchain-based Peer-to-Peer Energy Exchange Platform

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه: در ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي اﺧﯿﺮ، ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺮژيﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪﭘﺬﯾﺮ و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎي اﻧﺮژي و آﻟﻮدﮔﯽﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﺖ در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻗﺪرت، ﻣﺼﺮفﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﻢ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦﮐﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ/ﻣﺼﺮفﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن در اﯾﻦ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎي ﻗﺪرت ﺳﻨﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ، ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﺮي اﻣﻦ، ﺷﻔﺎف، ﺳﺮﯾﻊ و ﻣﻘﯿﺎسﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺒﺎدﻻت اﻧﺮژي ﺑﻪ ﺷﺪت اﺣﺴﺎس ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﻓﻨﺎوري ﺑﻼﮐﭽﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮﺑﻔﺮدش ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺴﺘﺮي را ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦﮐﻪ ﭘﻠﺘﻔﺮمﻫﺎي ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻼﮐﭽﯿﻦ زﯾﺎدي در ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ در ﺣﻮزه اﻧﺮژي اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، اﻣﺎ در اﯾﺮان ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﭘﻠﺘﻔﺮﻣﯽ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و ﭘﯿﺎدهﺳﺎزي ﭘﺎﯾﻠﻮت ﭘﻠﺘﻔﺮم ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﻣﺒﺎدﻟﻪ اﻧﺮژي ﻫﻤﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺘﺎي ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻼﮐﭽﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺧﺎص ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺑﺮق اﯾﺮان اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﮐﻼن ﭘﻠﺘﻔﺮم ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ )MVP( ﺑﺎ درﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي و ﻏﯿﺮﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻧﻤﻮدارﻫﺎي زﺑﺎن ﻣﺪلﺳﺎزي ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ )UML( ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﭘﺎﯾﻠﻮت ﭘﻠﺘﻔﺮم ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ 4 ﻋﻨﺼﺮ اﺻﻠﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﺮارداد ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ، راﺑﻂ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي، ﭘﻠﺘﻔﺮم ﺑﻼﮐﭽﯿﻦ، ﭘﺎﯾﮕﺎه داده ﺑﻼﮐﭽﯿﻨﯽ و ﻏﯿﺮﺑﻼﮐﭽﯿﻨﯽ ﭘﯿﺎدهﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺳﻨﺎرﯾﻮﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ و آزﻣﻮن ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎ ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎً ﺷﺎﻣﻞ آزﻣﻮن واﺣﺪ و آزﻣﻮن ﯾﮏﭘﺎرﭼﮕﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ ﺑﺮ روي ﭘﻠﺘﻔﺮم اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﻠﺘﻔﺮم ﺑﺮاي اوﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﺎر در ﮐﺸﻮر ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ اﺗﺮﯾﻮم و ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﺳﺮوﯾﺲ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و ﭘﯿﺎدهﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﻠﺘﻔﺮم ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ اﻣﮑﺎن ادﻏﺎم ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺗﺮﯾﻮم، ﺑﻪ واﺳﻄﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﺎژوﻻر داراي ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﭘﺬﯾﺮي اﺳﺖ.

In recent years, attention to renewable energy and distributed generation has increased due to increased energy demand and environmental pollution. To this end, in the new power grid structure, consumers can also play a producer role. Considering that the number of prosumers in this structure is much more than traditional power networks, the need for a secure, transparent, fast, scalable platform for energy exchanges has greatly increased. Blockchain technology can provide such a platform due to its unique properties. Although there are many blockchain-based platforms in different countries in enregy field, but in Iran there is no such platform. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to design and implement a local pilot platform for peer-to-peer blockchain-based energy exchange, taking into account the specific conditions of Iran's electricity grid. The macro platform architecture is designed based on the concept of Minimum Viable Product (MVP) considering functional and non-functional requirements in the form of unified modeling language (UML) diagrams. The proposed platform pilot has been implemented in the form of 4 main elements including smart contract, user interface, blockchain platform, and blockchain and non-blockchain databases and has been evaluated and tested using different scenarios. These tests mainly include the unit test and the integrity test, which were successfully performed on the platform. This platform has been designed and implemented for the first time in Iran in accordance with the Ethereum protocol and based on microservice architecture. In addition to the ability to integrate with Ethereum-based systems, this platform is scalable due to its modular design.