بررسي اثرات تحريكي و مهاري نيتريك اكسايد (NO) بر روند تكامل ميوكارديوسيت‌هاي جنين موش صحرايي

Excitatory and inhibitory effects of nitric oxide on the process of evolution of the Cardiomyocyte of rat embryo

ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﻫﺎي ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ در دوران ﺑﺎرداري و اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮات ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎري زاي ﺑﺮﺧﯽ داروﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻞ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﺣﯿﺎﺗﯽ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ، در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺮاي ارﺗﻘﺎء ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ و ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از ﺑﺮوز ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎري ﻫﺎي ﻗﻠﺒﯽ ﻋﺮوﻗﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺮگ و ﻣﯿﺮ ﻧﻮزادان، ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات ﺗﺠﻮﯾﺰ L-Arginine و L-NAME ﺑﺮ ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﯿﻢ. 40 ﺳﺮ ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ وﯾﺴﺘﺎر 8 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ وزن 250-200 ﮔﺮم، ﭘﺲ از ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﭘﻼك واژﯾﻨﺎل ﺑﻪ ﭘﻨﺞ ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺟﺰ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻘﯿﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﺳﺎﻟﯿﻦ mg/kg L-،200mg/kg L- Arginine ،2 ml/kg 20NAME و ﻣﺨﻠﻮط دو ﻣﺎده L-Arginine و L-NAME را ﺑﺎ دوزﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ، در روزﻫﺎي ﻫﺸﺖ ﺗﺎ ﯾﺎزده ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﯽ داﺧﻞ ﺻﻔﺎﻗﯽ درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. در روز 18 ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮕﯽ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ ﻫﺎ ﺧﺎرج و در ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻟﯿﻦ 10 درﺻﺪ ﻓﯿﮑﺲ ﺷﺪ و ﭘﺲ از آﻣﺎده ﺳﺎزي ﺑﺎﻓﺘﯽ و رﻧﮓ آﻣﯿﺰي )H&E( ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺑﺎﻓﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﺳﮑﻮپ ﻧﻮري اﻟﯿﻤﭙﻮس ﻣﺪل Cx31 ژاﭘﻦ و ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار Image tools III ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري (p<0.05) در ﻗﻄﺮ ﺳﻠﻮل ﻫﺎ و ﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ در ﮔﺮوه L-NAME ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ، ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوه L-NAME ﺑﺎ ﺑﯽ ﻧﻈﻤﯽ در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﻗﻠﺒﯽ و ﺻﻔﺤﺎت ﺑﯿﻨﺎﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﻮد و در ﮔﺮوه -L Arginine ﻣﺎﻫﯿﭽﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪﯾﺪ و رگ زاﯾﯽ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﯾﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﺣﺪ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﻧﯿﺘﺮﯾﮏ اﮐﺴﺎﯾﺪ )(NO ﺑﺎ اﺧﺘﻼﻻت ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻠﯽ در ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻗﻠﺒﯽ-ﻋﺮوﻗﯽ ﻫﻤﺮاه اﺳﺖ، ﻟﺬا ﺗﺠﻮﯾﺰ داروﻫﺎ و ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﻫﺎ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎً در دوران ﺑﺎرداري ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ دﻗﺖ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي دارد.

According to increased consumption of supplements during pregnancy and the teratogenic impact of some drugs on evolution the vital systems of embryos, in this study to improve the health of the fetus and prevention of cardiovascular abnormalities as the most common cause of infant mortality, we examined the effects of L-Arginine and L-NAME administration on fetal rat heart. Material &Methods: Forty Wister rats, weighing 200-250gr with age of 8 weeks, were divided into 5 groups after observing the vaginal plug. Except the control group, the others were received 2ml/kg normal saline, 200mg/kg L-Arginine, 20mg/kg L-NAME and a mixture of the same doses of L-Arginine & L-NAME respectively on 8 to 11th gestational days via Intraperitoneal. The fetal Hearts were removed on 18th gestational days and were fixed in formalin 10 percent, after tissue preparation and staining method (H&E) histological changes were studied by Light microscopy Olympus Cx31 and software Image tools III. Results: Despite of the control group, the significant decrease (p <0.05) in the diameter of cells and their nuclei were observed in L-NAME group , L-NAME group also was associated with irregularities in heart muscle structure and intercalated and in the L-Arginine group severe Myogenesis and Angiogenesis was observed. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that Nitric oxide (NO) in amounts higher or lower than normal is associated with congenital heart diseases. Therefore, drugs and supplements should be used with caution especially during pregnancy.