كليدواژه :
شكل هاى فرسايش , طرح ارزيابي , LADA , مارگون , ژئومورفولوژي , كروسكال واليس
چكيده فارسي :
آﺑﺨﻴﺰ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲﺷﺪه ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ دامﭘﺮوري در اﺳﺘﺎن فارس اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﻴﺮي ﺑﻴﺶازﺣﺪ و ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ از زﻣﻴﻦ ، در ﺧﻄﺮ ﭘﻴﺪاﻳﺶ و ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺷﻜﻞﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺶ آﺑﻲ مي باشد . ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞﻫﺎي ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺶ آﺑﻲ در آنﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ و ﻣﻬﺎرﻛﺮدن آنﻫﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﻮد. در اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ راﺑﻄﻪي ﻋﺎﻣﻞﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻢ زﻣﻴﻦرﻳﺨﺘﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺷﻜﻞﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺶ آﺑﻲ ﺳﻄﺤﻲ، ﺷﻴﺎري، ﺧﻨﺪﻗﻲ و زﻣﻴﻦ (ﺑﺪﻟﻨﺪ) در ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از آﺑﺨﻴﺰ مارگون ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آورده ﺷﺪ. ﻃﺒﻘﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺳﻨﮓ، ﺷﻴﺐ، ﺟﻬﺖ و ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ از ﺷﻜﻞﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺶ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ارﺗﺒﺎط داده ﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ اﻳﺠﺎد ﺷﺪن اﻧﻮاع آنﻫﺎ و ﺷﻜﻞ ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ در ﻃﺒﻘﻪﻫﺎي ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ از ﻋﺎﻣﻞﻫﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ گردد . ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ زﻣﻴﻦ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﻫﺎي ﺧﺸﻚ (LADA ) ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺷﺪت و ﺿﻌﻒ آنﻫﺎ رﺗﺒﻪ داده ﺷﺪ ، و ﺑﺮﭘﺎﻳﻪي ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ دادهﻫﺎ و ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﺑﺮرﺳﻲﺷﺪه آزﻣﻮن آﻣﺎري ﻛﺮوﺳﻜﺎل واﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻪﻛﺎر ﺑﺮده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺶﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ ﺷﻜﻞﻫﺎي ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪي ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺶ آﺑﻲ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺶ ﺧﻨﺪﻗﻲ و ﺑﺪلند ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ در ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﻫﺎي آﻫﻚرس و ﺳﻨﮓ ﮔﭻ و ﻧﻤﻚ (8/4 % و 8/15 %) ، ﺑﻠﻨﺪيﻫﺎي 1000-1200 ﻣﺘﺮ (6/7 % و 21/3 %) ، ﺷﻴﺐﻫﺎي 10-20 % (8/7 % و 15 %) ، و ﺟﻬﺖ داﻣﻨﻪي ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ (5/7 % و 9/5 %) اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪي آزﻣﻮن آﻣﺎري ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻨﺲ ﺳﻨﮓ، ﺷﻴﺐ و ﺟﻬﺖ داﻣﻨﻪ در ﺗﺮاز 0/01 و ﺑﺮاي ارﺗﻔﺎع در ﺗﺮاز 0/05 ﻣﻌﻨﻲدار ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ ، ﻛﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲدﻫﺪ ﺷﻜﻞﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺶ آﺑﻲ در ﻃﺒﻘﻪي ﻋﺎﻣﻞﻫﺎي ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻲ دارد. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﻣﻲﺗﻮان اﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞﻫﺎي ژئومورفولوژي را ﺑﺮاي ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲﻛﺮدن ﺷﻜﻞﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺶ آﺑﻲ و ﺷﺪت آن در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﻪﻛﺎر ﺑﺮد.
چكيده لاتين :
Forms of erosion demon rate its intensity. The udy area is one of the suitable rangelands for animal husbandries in the Province of Semnan, which is subjected to a plethora of water erosion forms due to an overuse of the land. Therefore, it is necessary to inve igate the effective factors in an aggrava-tion of water erosion conditions in this area to manage and control it. Erosion in arid and semi-arid regions is intense; therefore, it is necessary to take action to inhibit or reduce it. As the forms of ero-sion are identifiable, we tried to determine the relationships between geomorphology and forms of water erosion, namely: sheet, rill, gully and badland in a sub-watershed of the margon catchment.
Different classes of lithology, slope, aspect and elevation were correlated with any of forms of erosion in the area to determine their variety in the development and dominant erosion on each of the classes and each factor. Using the guidelines of the Land Degradation Assessment in Drylands (LADA), the forms of erosion in terms of its intensity was ranked and was used according to the typology of the variables. The Kruskal-Wallis te was on. The results indicated that the highly developed forms of water erosion, gulliesand badlands,marl, gypsum and salt formations (8.4 and 51.8%), an elevation of 5111-5011 meters, the slope of 51-01% (8.7 and
51%) and the southern aspects domain (1.7 and9.1%) respectively. The result of Kruskal-Wallis te for the slope and aspect at 1.15 and elevation at 1.11, respectively, were found to be significant, which indicated that there were specified differences in the forms of water erosion at the specified classes of geomorphology factors of the area. Therefore, geomorphology factors may be used to assess forms of water erosion and its intensity in similar re-gions
