واكاوي فقهي كفالت در قرار تأمين

Jurisprudential analysis of sponsorship

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه در آﯾﯿﻦ دادرﺳﯽ ﻣﺪﻧﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﺮي، ﻗﺮار ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ، ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از ﺗﻀﯿﯿﻊ ﺣﻘﻮق اﺻﺤﺎب دﻋﻮاﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎ از ﺑﯿﻦ رﻓﺘﻦ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺻﺪور ﻗﺮار، ﻣﻨﺘﻔﯽ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﯾﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﻗﺮار ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ اﻧﻮاع ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ دارد از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ: ﺑﺎزداﺷﺖ ﻣﻮﻗﺖ، ﮐﻔﺎﻟﺖ، وﺛﯿﻘﻪ، ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﮐﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎر ﺑﻪ واﮐﺎوي ﻓﻘﻬﯽ ﻗﺒﻮل ﮐﻔﺎﻟﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ آن ﯾﮏ ﻧﻔﺮ )ﮐﻔﯿﻞ( در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻃﺮف دﯾﮕﺮ )ﻣﮑﻔﻮل ﻟﻪ(، ﺣﻀﻮر ﺷﺨﺺ ﺛﺎﻟﺜﯽ )ﻣﮑﻔﻮل( را ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ، ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ و از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪاي ﻣﻨﺘﺞ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ اﮔﺮ ﺗﻀﻤﯿﻦ ﺣﻘﻮق ﺑﺰه دﯾﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮق دﯾﮕﺮ اﻣﮑﺎن ﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﻣﺎﻧﻌﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺻﺪور ﮐﻔﺎﻟﺖ اﺳﺖ و ﻗﺒﻮل ﻣﺎل ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ وﺛﯿﻘﻪ ﮔﺬار ﻣﻨﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ و اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت دادﺳﺮا ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺬﯾﺮش آن اﺳﺖ. وﺟﻪ اﻟﮑﻔﺎﻟﻪ و وﺛﯿﻘﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﯾﺪ در ﻫﺮ ﺣﺎل از ﺧﺴﺎرت وارد ﺑﻪ ﺑﺰه دﯾﺪه ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Criminal security agreements are temporary and numerical agreements; they are temporary because they restrict freedom until the outcome of the trial is determined. Preventing the violation of the rights of the litigants is eliminated by eliminating the conditions for issuing the contract. According to this law, it is supposed to provide different types, including: temporary detention, bail, bail, commitment in this article to the jurisprudential analysis of accepting bail, according to which one person (guardian) against the other party (guaranteed), the presence of a third party (Guaranteed) was paid, and through the collection of libraries it was concluded that if it is possible to guarantee the rights of the victim in other ways, it is an obstacle to the issuance of bail and acceptance of the property introduced by the guarantor is subject to the conditions and facilities of the court for acceptance. It is. The amount of bail and bail should not be less than the damage to the victim in any case.