مفهوم و مباني خرد سياسي در كليله و دمنه

The concept and principle of political wisdom in Kelile and Demne

كليله و دمنه اندرزنامه‌اي است درباره حكومت و سياست كه خطوط اصلي آن بر محور انديشه‌هاي ايرانشهري است. «خرد» يكي از برجسته‌ترين اين محورها است كه مي‌توان در عرصه حكومت‌داري ازآن به «خرد سياسي» تعبير كرد. هدف اصلي اين مقاله واكاوي مفهوم و مباني خرد در مفهوم سياسي آن در كليله و دمنه است. تلاش شده است با طرح پرسشي درباره مفهوم و مباني خردسياسي در اين اثر و با استفاده از روش تحقيق توصيفي ـ تحليلي و با گردآوري اطلاعات از روش كتابخانه‌اي، در جهت دستيابي به اين هدف حركت كرد. درفرضيه‌ي اصلي مفهوم خرد سياسي روش و منش اداره امور، و مباني آن مواردي چون تواماني دين و سياست، عدالت، انديشه شاهي ـ آرماني، و فره ايزدي معرفي گرديده است. در نهايت نويسنده به اين نتيجه دست يافته كه خرد سياسي در كليله و دمنه به معناي كلي روش و منش سياسي اداره امور متاثر از مباني و ساختار كلي آن در انديشه‌هاي كهن ايراني به ويژه در انديشه‌هاي سياسي ايرانشهري است و نمودهاي آن را مي‌توان در باب‌هاي گوناگون اين اثر بر حسب موقعيت‌ و شرايط، در قالب حكايت‌ها‌ي گوناگون بررسي كرد.

Ancient literature of Iran has contained both literary value and Iranian’s deep thoughts over centuries as well. One of these valuable literary works would be “Kelile and Demne” book. This book would be considered as a moral or an advisory book about government and politics. Main principals of Kelile and Demne had been based upon Iranian thoughts. Wisdom would be regarded as one of the remarkable principals that it could be interpreted as political wisdom in governing domains. The present article aimed at exploring the principals of political concept of wisdom in Kelile and Demne. Attempt has been made to achieve the mentioned purposes by developing a question relating principals and concepts of political wisdom in this literary art “kelile and Demne”. To accomplish the goal, the descriptive –analytical methodology was utilized and Data were collected by library methodology. In the main hypothesis, the concept of political wisdom and also the various ways and manners in conducting affairs were discussed. Moreover, the principals of political wisdom including the unity of religion and politics, justice, then royal-ideal thoughts and magnificent of God were presented. Finally the researcher reached to the conclusion that political wisdom in Kelile and Demne can be defined as the political method and manner of conducting and directing of the affairs of government affected by its general principals as well as its general framework in Iranian ancient thoughts especially influenced by Iranian political thoughts.