بررسي بدفهمي هاي موجود در مبحث كسر رياضي دوره ابتدايي و راهكارهايي براي رفع آن ها

Investigation the existing misconceptions in the subject of elementary school mathematics fractions and solutions for them

بدفهمي ها در رياضي، باعث ايجاد مشكل در يادگيري دانش آموزان مي شوند. شناسايي اين بدفهمي ها و دانستن راهكارهايي براي رفع آن ها مي تواند به معلمان كمك كند تا براي بهبود يادگيري دانش آموزان، گام هايي سازنده بردارند. كسرها يكي از مفاهيم پركاربرد رياضيات دوره ابتدايي هستند. در اين مقاله به بررسي بدفهمي هايي مي پردازيم كه دانش آموزان دوره ابتدايي در يادگيري كسرها با آن بدفهمي ها مواجه مي شوند. بازنمايي هاي چندگانه به عنوان يكي از راهكارها براي رفع بدفهمي هاي كسرها معرفي مي شود و مثال هايي نيز در اين زمينه ارائه مي گردد. همچنين روش تدريس بايبي كه يكي از روش هاي تدريس يادگيرنده محور است به عنوان يكي ديگر از راهكارهاي رفع بدفهمي ها در زمينه كسرها پيشنهاد مي گردد و با بيان مثال هايي، شرح داده مي شود.

Misconceptions in mathematics make it difficult for students to learn. Identifying these misunderstandings and finding ways to solve them can help teachers take constructive steps to improve student learning an‎d it helps students learn better from math lessons and become more interested in learning math. Fractions are one of the most widely used concepts in elementary mathematics. Students deal with fractions and related operations at almost all elementary school math levels. In this article, we examine the misconceptions that elementary school students encounter in learning fractions. We also offer two solutions to deal with misconceptions. Multiple representations are introduced as one of the solutions to eliminate the misunderstandings of the fractions and some examples are provided in this regard. Also, Bybee teaching method, which is one of the learner-centered teaching methods, is suggested as another solution to eliminate misunderstandings in the field of fractions, and it is explained by giving examples.