تحليل محتواي حكايت ها در كتاب فارسي سال دوم دبستان و تعيين سطح خوانايي آن با استفاده از شاخص هاي فلش و گانينگ

Content Analysis of the stories in Persian second year of primary school and determining its readability level by using the indexes of Flash and Gunning

اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ 2ﻫﺪف : ﻧﻘﺪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﺨﺶ »ﺣﮑﺎﯾﺖ« ﮐﺘﺎب ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﺧﻮاﻧﺪاري ﺳﺎل دوم دﺑﺴﺘﺎن ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﻓﻠﺶ و ﮔﺎﻧﯿﻨﮓ، اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺣﮑﺎﯾﺖ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﺳﺎل دوم دﺑﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﻮد. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ، روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻘﺪ ﮐﻠﯽ و روش ﮐﻤﯽ)ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ( ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دو ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﻓﻠﺶ و ﮔﺎﻧﯿﻨﮓ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ در ﻧﻘﺪ ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ، ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ ﺣﮑﺎﯾﺖ»ﻫﻤﮑﺎري«از ﻧﻈﺮ دو ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﺗﻌﺪاد اﺷﮑﺎل ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻦ و ﺗﻨﻮع رﻧﮓ ﻫﺎي ﺑﮑﺎر رﻓﺘﻪ و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ ﺣﮑﺎﯾﺖ»ﺧﻮش اﺧﻼﻗﯽ« از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﺗﻀﺎد رﻧﮕﯽ از ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺣﮑﺎﯾﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ دﯾﮕﺮ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪه از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ، ﻣﯿﺰان ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺣﮑﺎﯾﺎت اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻓﻠﺶ ، ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ آن ﺧﯿﻠﯽ ﺳﺎده اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﯿﺮي از روش ﮔﺎﻧﯿﻨﮓ ، ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ آن ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﻓﺮادﯾﺴﺖ ﮐﻪ 4ﺳﺎل و 1ﻣﺎه درس ﺧﻮاﻧﺪه اﻧﺪ)ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان ﭘﺎﯾﻪ دوم ﻧﯿﺴﺖ(. واژﮔﺎن ﮐﻠﯿﺪي:

This research was conducted with two objectives: Descriptive Criticism and Analysis of the "story" section of the Farsi Second grade of Primary School, determining its readability level with the formula of Flash and Gunning. The statistical population consisted of the “story” part of the Farsi second grade of primary school. The results of the descriptive method in the critique of the images showed that the number of images in the "cooperation" story is appropriate to the text and the variety of colors used and the images of the "good morals" story in terms of the color contrast of the images of other tales Gets better. The other result obtained from the study is the level of readability of the story section, using the Flash method, its level of readability is very simple, and using the Gunning method, its readability level is appropriate for those who have studied 4 years and 1 month (Not suitable for second year students).