موضوع مابعدالطبيعه

The Subject of Metaphysics

The writer has divided the article into four parts: A) Determining the subject of metaphysics B) Defining the subject of metaphysics C) Demonstrating "existent qua existent" and the "separate existent" as the subject matters of metaphysics D) Demonstrating the existence of the subject of metaphysics In the first part, the writer has tried to analyze Ibn Sinaʹs ideas with respect to determining the subject of primary philosophy. According to Ibn Sina, "the subject of metaphysics is neither God nor the final four causes of objects; rather, the subject of metaphysics is "the existent" qua existent since it has existence, and God and the four causes are among the problems of metaphysics. In the second part, the writer states that the existent is a self-evident concept and cannot be defined. And, in the third part, he presents the necessary reasons for demonstrating that "existent qua existent" and the "separate existent" are the subject matters of metaphysics and criticises it at the same time. In the fourth part, he argues that confirming the existence of a subject for metaphysics, that is, the existent, as well as its conception, is a self-evident issue. Therefore, confirming the principle that "there is a reality" is neither demonstrable nor deniable, since bringing reasons necessitates accepting this principle a priori.