ردﻳﺎﺑﻲ آﻧﺘﻲﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚ ﻓﻨﺎزﻳﻦ- 1-ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻛﺴﻴﻠﻴﻚ اﺳﻴﺪ در ﺳﻮدوﻣﻮﻧﺎسﻫﺎي ﻓﻠﻮرﺳﻨﺖ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪه از رﻳﺰوﺳﻔﺮ ﮔﻨﺪم و ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮآن در ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎري ﭘﺎﺧﻮرهﮔﻨﺪم

1-carboxylic acid fluorescent Pseudomonas isolated detection of antibiotic Fnazyn- From the rhizosphere of wheat and effect on the biological control of Pakhvrhgndm

ﺑﻴﻤﺎري ﭘﺎﺧﻮرهﮔﻨﺪم ﺑﺎ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﺎرﭼﻲ Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎريﻫﺎي ﮔﻨـﺪم در اﻳـﺮان ﺑـﻪ ﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﻲ رود. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻲ اﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎري،130 ﺟﺪاﻳﻪ ﺳﻮدوﻣﻮﻧﺎس ﻓﻠﻮرﺳﻨﺖ از رﻳﺰوﺳﻔﺮ ﮔﻨﺪم در ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠـﻒ اﺳـﺘﺎن ﺧﺮاﺳـﺎن ﺟﺪاﺳـﺎزي ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺟﺪاﻳﻪﻫﺎي ﺳﻮدوﻣﻮﻧﺎس ﻓﻠﻮرﺳﻨﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪﮔﻲ از رﺷﺪ ﻗﺎرچ، آزﻣﻮن ﻛﺸﺖ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮيﻫﺎ ﺑـﺎ ﻗـﺎرچ Ggt در ﻣﺤـﻴﻂ ﻛﺸـﺖ ﺳﻴﺐزﻣﻴﻨﻲ دﻛﺴﺘﺮوزآﮔﺎر و ﻛﻴﻨﮓ ب اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. از اﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎن، 21 ﺟﺪاﻳﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ 25/11-25/51 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺟﺪاﻳﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﺗـﺮ از ﻧﻈـﺮ ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ از رﺷﺪ ﻗﺎرچ Ggt اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ردﻳﺎﺑﻲ ژن ﺑﻴﻮﺳـﻨﺘﺰ آﻧﺘـﻲﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴـﻚ ﻓﻨـﺎزﻳﻦ-1-ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻛﺴـﻴﻠﻴﻚاﺳـﻴﺪ (PCA)، روش PCR ﺑـﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮاﻳﻤﺮﻫﺎي PCA2a و PCA3b اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد 12 ﺟﺪاﻳﻪ از 21 ﺟﺪاﻳﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎبﺷﺪه ﺣـﺎوي ژن ﺑﻴﻮﺳـﻨﺘﺰ آﻧﺘـﻲﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴـﻚ PCA ﺑﻮدﻧـﺪ. در آزﻣﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎي ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪاي ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﺪاﻳﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨـﺪه آﻧﺘـﻲﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴـﻚ ﻓﻨـﺎزﻳﻦ-1-ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻛﺴﻴﻠﻴﻚاﺳﻴﺪ، ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮﻳﻦ از ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي در ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻴﻤﺎري ﭘﺎﺧﻮرهﮔﻨﺪم ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ و ﺷﺪت ﺑﻴﻤﺎري را 77-80 درﺻﺪ ﻛـﺎﻫﺶ دادﻧـﺪ. ﺑـﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد اﻳﻦ ﺟﺪاﻳﻪﻫﺎ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪاي در وزنﺗﺮ رﻳﺸﻪ و ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎي ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﭘﻴﺸـﻨﻬﺎد ﻣـﻲﻛﻨـﺪ ﻛـﻪ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻ آﻧﺘﻲﺑﻴﻮﺗﻴﻚ ﻓﻨﺎزﻳﻦ-1-ﻛﺮﺑﻮﻛﺴﻴﻠﻴﻚاﺳﻴﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺟﺪاﻳﻪﻫﺎي ﺳﻮدوﻣﻮﻧﺎس ﻓﻠﻮرﺳﻨﺖ، در ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﻴﻤﺎري ﭘﺎﺧﻮره در ﮔﻨﺪم ﻧﻘﺶ دارد.

Pakhvrhgndm disease caused by the fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici is one of the most important wheat diseases Darrud. The biological control of this disease in different parts of the province 130 strains were isolated from wheat rhizosphere fluorescent. To the strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens with the ability to inhibit the growth of fungi, bacteria and fungi Ggt dual culture test on potato dextrose agar and King are performed. Of these, 21 strains capable of deterrence between 11 / 25-51 / 25% of isolates were superior in terms of prevention of fungal growth Ggt. Gene for antibiotic biosynthesis Fnazyn-1-Krbvksylykasyd (PCA), was performed by PCR using primers PCA2a and PCA3b. The results showed that 12 strains of antibiotic biosynthesis gene selected from 21 isolates had PCA. Production of qualitative methods to assess the antibiotic sediment dark green or crystal medium was used. Sown the antibiotic-producing strains Fnazyn-1-Krbvksylykasyd, more capable than others of disease control had Pakhvrhgndm the disease was 77-80%. By using these isolates significant increase in fresh weight of roots and aerial parts of the plants was observed. The results of this study suggests that antibiotic produced by strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens Fnazyn-1-Krbvksylykasyd, wheat take-all play role in reducing illness.