سامانه يادگيري الكترونيكي (LMS) دانشگاه فرهنگيان: بررسي مزايا و معايب بر اساس تجربيات استادكاربر (1399-1394)

Farhangian University E-learning System (LMS): examining pros and cons Based on Professor-user personal experiences, 2015-2020

ﻧﻈﺎم آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ آﻏﺎز اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺑﻮﺟﻮد آﻣﺪه ، ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺘﻪ رو ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮش اﺳـﺖ و ﻫﻤـﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﻨﺎوري ﻫﺎي اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺘﯽ، ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺗﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. در دﻫﻪ اﺧﯿﺮ، آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺠـﺎزي، ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣـﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰاري ﺑﺴﯿﺎري را ﻣﺘﺎﺛﺮ ﮔﺮداﻧﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف از ﻧﮕﺎرش اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﮐـﺎرﺑﺮد آﻣﻮزﺷـﯽ و ﺑﯿﺎن ﻣﺰاﯾﺎ و ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﮐﺎر ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺠﺎزي داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯿﺎن، ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯿﺎت اﺳﺘﺎد ﮐﺎرﺑﺮ از ﺳﺎل 1394 ﺗﺎ 1399 ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و ﺑﯿﺎن ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯿﺎت ﺧﻮدزﯾﺴﺘﻪ اﻧﺠـﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ ورود آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺠﺎزي ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎورﻣﯿﺎﻧﻪ، اﯾﺮان و ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺧﺎص، داﻧﺸـﮕﺎه ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯿﺎن، ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ اﺟﺎزه دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ و ﭘﺬﯾﺮش آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺠﺎزي در ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﺧﺎورﻣﯿﺎﻧـﻪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎي دﻫﻪ اﺧﯿـﺮ ﺑﯿـﺎن ﮔﺮدﯾـﺪ . ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﭘﯿﺸـﯿﻨﻪ راه اﻧـﺪازي ﺳـﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﯾـﺎدﮔﯿﺮي اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻧﯿﮑﯽ LMS داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯿﺎن، ﺑﺮاي داﻧﺸﺠﻮ-ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن، ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ داﻧﺸـﮕﺎه در ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺠﺎزي، در ﺑﺮﮔﺰاري اﻧﻮاع واﺣﺪﻫﺎي درﺳﯽ رﺳﻤﯽ و ﻏﯿﺮرﺳﻤﯽ از ﺳـﺎل 1394 ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن ﻓﻌﺎل ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. در ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﺰاﯾﺎ و ﻣﻌﺎﯾﺐ ﮐـﺎر ﺑـﺎ ﺳـﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ LMS، ﺑـﻪ روش SWOT، ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﯿﻤﯽ از ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﮐﺎر ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ، ﻣﺘﺎﺛﺮ از ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﺮوﻧـﯽ اﺳـﺖ ؛ اﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮐﺎرﺑﺮان و ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎي ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﮔﺴﺘﺮده ﺗـﺮ ﺑـﺎ ﺑـﺮوز ﭘﺎﻧـﺪﻣﯽ 19-Covid، در اﺳﻔﻨﺪ ﻣﺎه 1398، اﯾﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﮑﻼﺗﯽ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي روﺑﺮو ﺷـﺪ ﮐـﻪ ﺿـﺮورت ﺑـ ﺎزﻧﮕﺮي و ﺗﻘﻮﯾـﺖ زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺠﺎزي داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯿﺎن را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ.

The educational system that was created with the beginning of the use of the Internet is constantly expanding and becoming more advanced with the evolution of Internet technologies. In the last decade, e-learning has affected many software programs. The purpose of writing this article was to investigate the educational application and express the advantages and problems of working with Farhangian University's virtual education system, based on the experiences of the user- professor from 2015-2020 which was done by qualitative description and expression of spontaneous experiences. After examining the background of the arrival of virtual education in the Middle East, Iran and in particular, Farhangian University, the barriers to Internet access and acceptance of virtual education in Middle Eastern countries were expressed based on the research of the last decade. A review of the history of launching the LMS e-learning system of Farhangian University for students-teachers, revealed that this university has been active in introducing and applying virtual education, in holding various formal and informal courses since 2015. In dividing the advantages and disadvantages of working with the LMS system by SWOT method, it was found that half of the problems of working with the system are affected by external components; However, with the increase in the number of users and the demand for wider services with the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, in March 2017, this system encountered practical problems that indicate the need to review and strengthen the infrastructure of Farhangian University's virtual education system.