طراحي و تدوين الگوي برنامه درسي با رويكرد آموزش تركيبي در مقطع متوسطه

Design and Development of a curriculum with Blended Learning Approach for High School

ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ اﻟﮕﻮي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ درﺳﯽ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد آﻣﻮزش ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ در دوره ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ اﯾﻦ اﻟﮕﻮ از روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ آﻣﯿﺨﺘﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ آﻣﯿﺨﺘﻪ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ از روش ﻫﺎي ﮐﻤﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯽ اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ روش ﻧﻮﻋﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ ﮐﺮدن، ﺑﺴﻂ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و ﯾﺎ ﻧﻮآوري ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﻣﯽ رود. در واﻗﻊ ﻫﺪف از اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ آﻣﯿﺨﺘﻪ، ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﺑﺮدن ﯾﮑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎي دﯾﮕﺮي ﻧﯿﺴﺖ. ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ ﻧﻘﺎط ﻗﻮت و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ دادن ﯾﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ رﺳﺎﻧﺪن ﺿﻌﻒ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮ دو روش در ﯾﮏ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎم اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﮐﻠﯿﺪي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ درﺳﯽ آﻣﻮزش ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﻈﺮي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ و ﺗﺌﻮري ﻫﺎي ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي و وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﺻﻠﯽ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ درﺳﯽ )ﻫﺪف، ﻣﺤﺘﻮا، روش ﻫﺎي ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ و ارزﺷﯿﺎﺑﯽ( ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اداﻣﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اي ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ در ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﻟﯿﮑﺮت5 ﺑﺎ 5 ﮔﻮﯾﻪ و 40 ﺳﻮال ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ و ﺑﺎزﭘﺎﺳﺦ، ﺟﻬﺖ اﻋﺘﺒﺎرﯾﺎﺑﯽ اﻟﮕﻮي ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﺪه ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي ﺑﻪ روش دﻟﻔﯽ6، در اﺧﺘﯿﺎر 30 ﻧﻔﺮ از اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ و ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ درﺳﯽ و آﻣﻮزش ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﭘﯿﺎم ﻧﻮر و داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻓﺮدوﺳﯽ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ7 ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ و ﻣﻘﺪار ﮐﻞ آن 0,912 ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه و در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﻮارد اﺻﻼﺣﯽ و ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ، اﻟﮕﻮي ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ درﺳﯽ آﻣﻮزش ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ در ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ

The main purpose of this study was to design and develop a curriculum model with a combined education approach in high school. The mixed research method was used to design this model. The mixed research method is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. This method is typically used to validate, expand, or innovate. In fact, the purpose of using mixed research methods is not to use one instead of the other. Rather, it is about strengthening the strengths and reducing or minimizing the weaknesses of both methods in one study. To conduct this research, the key elements of the combined education curriculum have been identified using the theoretical foundations of research and learning theories and the characteristics of the main elements of the curriculum (purpose, content, teaching methods and evaluation). In the following, a researcher-made questionnaire on Likert scale with 5 items and 40 closed-ended questions and answers will be provided to 30 professors and specialists of curriculum and combined education of Payame Noor University and Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in order to validate the proposed model by Delphi method. Took. The reliability of this questionnaire was evaluated by measuring Cronbach's alpha coefficient and its total value was calculated to be 0.912. Finally, based on the obtained results and taking into account the corrections and suggestions of the professors, the final model of the combined education curriculum in high school was designed and approved.