شناسايي و تحليل عوامل موثر بر موفقيت درس كارورزي در توانمندسازي دانشجو معلمان

Identifying and analyzing the factors affecting the success of the internship course in empowering student teachers

ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ درس ﮐﺎرورزي در ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯿﺎن ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﻫﺎﺷﻤﯽﻧﮋاد ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ داﻧﺸﺠﻮ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯿﺎن ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﻫﺎﺷﻤﯽ ﻧﮋاد دﺧﺘﺮان ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد 1352ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 1400-1399ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻞ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻃﺒﻖ ﺟﺪول ﻣﻮرﮔﺎن ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ 297 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ از ﺑﯿﻦ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎﻧﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ دروس ﮐﺎرورزي1 ﺗﺎ4 را ﮔﺬراﻧﺪهاﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰار ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ درس ﮐﺎرورزي در ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي داﻧﺸﺠﻮ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ رواﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ دﻟﻔﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ اﺳﺘﺎد راﻫﻨﻤﺎ و 10ﻧﻔﺮ از اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ رﺳﯿﺪ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم-اﻓﺰار SPSS.22و ﺑﺎ آزﻣﻮن ﺿﺮﯾﺐ آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 0/96 ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ درس ﮐﺎرورزي در ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي داﻧﺸﺠﻮ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ درس ﮐﺎرورزي در ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن در ﭘﻨﺞ ﮔﺮوه »زﻣﯿﻨﻪاي«، »ﮐﺴﺐ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻫﺎي ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي«، »ﻣﺪارس ﻣﺠﺮي«، »ﻧﻘﺶ اﺳﺘﺎد راﻫﻨﻤﺎ« و »ﭘﺬﯾﺮش ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎرورزي از ﻃﺮف اﺷﺨﺎص ذيرﺑﻂ« ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي داﻧﺸﺠﻮ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن، ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﭼﻮن »ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻮدن ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن در ﻫﺮﮔﺮوه ﺗﺤﺖ ﻧﻈﺮ اﺳﺘﺎد راﻫﻨﻤﺎي ﮐﺎرورزي«، »ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺖ و ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﺪرﺳﺎن ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ« و »ﺣﻀﻮر ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ راﻫﻨﻤﺎ در ﺣﯿﻦ ﮐﺎرورزي« ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد.

The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the factors affecting the success of the internship course in empowering students and teachers of Farhangian Shahid Hasheminejad University of Mashhad. The study population included all student teachers of Farhangian University of Shahid Hasheminejad, Mashhad girls, 1352 people who were studying in the academic year 1399-1400. According to Morgan table, the sample number was 297 people. The sample was selected from students who have passed internship courses 1 to 4. Data collection tools include a researcher-made questionnaire of factors affecting the success of the internship course in student-teacher empowerment, the validity of which was approved by the tutor and 10 expert professors using the Delphi technique and its reliability by using the software SPSS.22 software was calculated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.96. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify and analyze the factors affecting the success of the internship course in student-teacher empowerment. Findings showed that the variables affecting the success of the internship course in empowering student-teachers in five groups: "field", "acquisition of professional qualifications", "executive schools", "role of tutor" and "acceptance of internship plan by Relevant persons "can be identified. It is suggested that in order to empower student teachers, variables such as "adequacy of the number of students in each group under the supervision of the internship supervisor", "training and employment of specialized instructors" and "timely presence of supervisors during the internship" should be considered more.