بررسي چالش هاي برنامه درسي كارورزي يك در شرايط كرونايي از ديدگاه دانشجومعلمان

Surveying the challenges of the implemented curriculum of internship 1 in Corona Situation form Student Teachers Viewpoints

ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ درﺳﯽ اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪه ﮐﺎرورزي ﯾﮏ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﮐﺮوﻧﺎﯾﯽ از دﯾﺪﮔﺎه داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن و راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎي ﻏﻠﺒﻪ ﺑﺮ آﻧﻬﺎ اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و روش ﭘﺪﯾﺪارﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دو روش ﻣﻼك ﻣﺤﻮر و زﻧﺠﯿﺮه اي، اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﺗﻌﺪاد 13ﻧﻔﺮ از داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﺳﺎل آﺧﺮ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯿﺎن)ﭘﺮدﯾﺲ ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﻫﺎﺷﻤﯽ ﻧﮋاد ﻣﺸﻬﺪ( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. از ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻤﻊ آوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺘﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻫﺎي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﮐﻤﮏ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﻀﻤﻮن، ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﻟﯿﻨﮑﻠﻦ و ﮔﺎﺑﺎ )ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه آزﻣﻮن ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ( ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻋﻤﺪه ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻫﺎي داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن را ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ 2ﻣﻀﻤﻮن ﻓﺮاﮔﯿﺮ)ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﺎرورز ﺑﺎ ﻣﺠﺮﯾﺎن ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ درﺳﯽ و ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺗﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ(، 6ﻣﻀﻤﻮن ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه و 29 ﻣﻀﻤﻮن ﭘﺎﯾﻪ دﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﮐﺮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﺑﺮاي ﻏﻠﺒﻪ ﺑﺮ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺠﺮﯾﺎن ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ درﺳﯽ از راه ﺣﻞ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻌﺪد ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ آﻣﯿﺰي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮده ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ؛ اﻣﺎ درﻣﻮاﺟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺗﺎﻣﻠﯽ در ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﯾﺎ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ راﻫﮑﺎر ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﯾﺎ راﻫﮑﺎر ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ آﻣﯿﺰي ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺗﺠﺎرب ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ، ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ درﺳﯽ اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪه ﮐﺎرورزي )1( در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﮐﺮوﻧﺎﯾﯽ، ﺑﻪ اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﻫﺪاف ﺧﻮد، ﯾﻌﻨﯽ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺗﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﯾﺎددﻫﯽ - ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي، دﺳﺖ ﻧﯿﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ.

The purpose of this research is to survey the challenges of the implemented curriculum of internship 1 in the corona situation from the perspective of student teachers and ways to overcome them. This study was conducted via qualitative approach using phenomenological method. Participants were selected by two methods of snowball and Criterion sampling to theoretical saturation boundary, 13 student teachers who were senior at Farhangian University, Mashhad Shahid Hashemi Nejad Campus. Semi-structured interview was used for gathering data. The text of the conducted interviews was analyzed with the help of thematic analysis method. In order to ensure the credibility of the research, Lincoln and GABA criteria (especially the diagnosis test) were used. Based on the findings, the main challenges of student teachers can be categorized in the form of 2 comprehensive themes (including the challenge of intern interaction with curriculum leaders and the challenge of reflective observation of the educational situation), 6 organizing themes and 29 basic themes. Also, the student teachers had used many successful solutions to overcome the challenges of interacting with the curriculum leaders; However, when faced with the challenges related to observation of reflection in the educational situation, they often either lacked a solution or did not have a successful solution. The results of this research indicate that based on the experiences of the participants, the implemented internshi