اثربخشي گروه‌درماني مبتني بر پذيرش و تعهد بر اضطراب امتحان و خودكارآمدي دانش آموزان پايه دوم متوسطه

The effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on exam anxiety and self-efficacy of secondary school students

ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎﻫﺪف اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﮔﺮوهدرﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﺮ اﺿﻄﺮاب اﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﯽ و ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان ﭘﺎﯾﻪ دوم ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻃﺮح ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﺷﺒﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن، ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن و ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮔﻮاه ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان دﺧﺘﺮ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ اول ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن اﻟﯿﮕﻮدرز در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 1400-1401ﺑﻮد. روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺧﻮﺷﻪ اي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 30داﻧﺶآﻣﻮز ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ از ﺑﯿﻦ 100ﻧﻔﺮ از داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي اﺿﻄﺮاب اﻣﺘﺤﺎن و ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﭘﺎﺳﺦ دادﻧﺪ، اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در دو ﮔﺮوه 15ﻧﻔﺮي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ 8ﺟﻠﺴﻪ درﻣﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ و ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل در ﻟﯿﺴﺖ اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ و ﺑﻌﺪ از دو ﻫﻔﺘﻪ از اﺗﻤﺎم درﻣﺎن، ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن و ﭘﺲ از دو ﻣﺎه آزﻣﻮن ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ دو ﮔﺮوه اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ از روش ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﻪوﺳﯿﻠﻪ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSSﻧﺴﺨﻪ 20اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ . ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ آﻣﻮزش ﮔﺮوهدرﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﺮ اﺿﻄﺮاب اﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﯽ و ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان اﺛﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از درﻣﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺿﻄﺮاب و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان و ﻧﯿﺰ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد آنﻫﺎ در اﻣﺘﺤﺎن ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد.

The present study was conducted with the aim of effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on exam anxiety and self-efficacy of second grade high school students. The current research design was a quasi-experimental type of pre-test, post-test and with experimental and control groups. The statistical population included female students of the first secondary level of Aligudarz city in the academic year of 1401-1400. The sampling method was random cluster sampling. The research sample included 30 students who were selected from among 100 students who answered the questionnaires of test anxiety and self-efficacy and were randomly replaced in two groups of 15 people, experimental and control. The experimental group received 8 sessions of acceptance-based treatment, and the control group was placed on the waiting list, and after two weeks of completing the treatment, a post-test and a follow-up test were conducted for both groups after two months. To analyze the data, analysis of covariance was used using SPSS version 20 software. The results showed that group therapy training based on acceptance and commitment had a significant effect on students' test anxiety and self-efficacy. According to the results of this research, the use of treatment based on acceptance and commitment is suggested in order to reduce anxiety and increase students' self-efficacy and also increase their performance in the exam.