مقايسه تنظيم شناختي هيجان ،سبك هاي دلبستگي وافسردگي دربين سربازان اقدام كننده به خودكشي وسربازان عادي

Comparison of cognitive emotion regulation, attachment styles, and depression among soldiers attempting suicide and regular soldiers

اﻗﺪام ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮدﮐﺸﯽ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺶ رو در ﻫﺮ ﯾﮕﺎن ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﭘﯿﺶ رو ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان اﻗﺪام ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮدﮐﺸﯽ و ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان ﻋﺎدي در ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻫﯿﺠـﺎن، ﺳـﺒﮏ ﻫـ ﺎي دل ﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ واﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان ﻧﯿﺮوي ﭘﺪاﻓﻨﺪ ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن اﺻﻔﻬﺎن ﮐﻪ اﻗﺪام ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮدﮐﺸﯽ ﮐﺮده ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ )ﺗﻌﺪاد=27 1 ﻧﻔﺮ( ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان ﻋﺎدي )ﺗﻌﺪاد=151 ﻧﻔﺮ( در ﺳﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﭘﯿﺶ ﮔﻔﺘـﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي، ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻫﯿﺠﺎن ﮔﺎرﻧﻔﺴﮑﯽ وﮐـﺮاﯾﭻ ، ﺳـﺒﮏ دل ﺑﺴـﺘﮕﯽ ﻫـﺎزان و ﺷﯿﻮر و ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ ﺑﮏ در ﻫﺮ دو ﮔﺮوه از ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ داده ﻫـ ﺎ ﻧﯿـﺰ از آزﻣﻮن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮏ راﻫﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ، ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻫﯿﺠﺎن و ﺳﺒﮏ اﺟﺘﻨﺎﺑﯽ، در ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان ﻋﺎدي و اﻗﺪام ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮدﮐﺸﯽ، ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري وﺟﻮد دارد )P<0/001، F=21/27(. ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ در راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎي ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻫﯿﺠﺎن در ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان ﻋﺎدي و اﻗﺪام ﮐﻨﻨـﺪه ﺑـﻪ ﺧﻮدﮐﺸﯽ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش )13/25=F(، ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﻣﺠـﺪد ﻣﺜﺒـﺖ ) F=12/55(، ﺗﻤﺮﮐـﺰ ﻣﺜﺒـﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣـﻪ رﯾـ ﺰي )44/30=F(، ارزﯾــﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﺠــﺪد ﻣﺜﺒــﺖ )51/18=F( و دﯾــﺪﮔﺎه ﮔﯿــﺮي )27/24=P<0/01) ،(F( ﺗﻔــﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار وﺟﻮد دارد و در راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻔـﯽ ﺗﻨﻈـﯿﻢ ﺷـﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻫﯿﺠـﺎن ﻧﻈﯿـﺮ ﻧﺸـﺨﻮارﮔﺮ ي )F=32/37(، ﻓﺎﺟﻌﻪ ﺳﺎزي )F=6/37(، ﻣﻼﻟﺖ دﯾﮕﺮان )F=11/57( ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺗﻔﺎوت وﺟـﻮد دارد )0/01

Committing suicide is one of the present challenges in every military unit. The purpose of the present research is to examine the difference between the soldiers committing suicide and normal soldiers in cognitive emotion regulation and styles of attachment and depression. To this end, all the soldiers committing suicide in defense areas of Esfahan (N=127) were compared with normal soldiers (N=151) in terms of the aforementioned variables. Garnefski and Kraaij’s cognitive emotion regulation questionnaires, Hazan and Shiver’s attachment styles questionnaire and Beck’s depression inventory were distributed to both groups. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there is a significant difference among depression, cognitive emotion regulation and avoidance style in normal soldiers and soldiers committing suicide (F=21/27, p < 0.001)and that there is a significant difference between cognitive emotion regulation positive strategies normal soldiers and committing suicide exampler acceptance (F=13/25)and positive refocusing (F=12/55) and refocuse on planning (F=44/30)and positive reappraisal (F=51/18)and putting into perspective (F=27/24)(p < 0/01).there is a significant between cognitive emotion regulation negative strategies exampler rumination (F=32/37)and catastrophizing (F=6/37) and other blame (F=11/57) )(p < 0/01). Nevertheless, there is no significant difference among secure and ambivalent attachment style and slef blame in these two groups (p < 0/05). It seems possible to reduce soldiers’ traumas and challenges greatly by screening them at their arrival with psychologists of military units and providing supportive and counselling programs to the soldiers during their military service and this aim can be accomplished through equipping all military service units with eminent psychologists.