قاعده فرعيه و وجود محمولي يا (اتصاف ماهيت به وجود)

The Principle of presupposition and the Predicative Existence

The present article pertains to a philosophical and theological principle called the principle of presupposition". This principle has been the focus of philosophersʹ attention for a long time, and they have used it in the following discussions: A) the truth of affirmative propositions B) the issue of mental existence C) the non-occurence of existence as an accident to quiddity D) the thingness and stability of the contingent non-existent Most of philosophers not only agree with this principle, but also consider it as being evident and necessary. in their works, they have usually discussed this principle as a categorical affirmative proposition, and consider the existence of subject as being necessary for its truth. Accordingly, one might ask whether there is any conformity between this principle and the content of every categorical affirmative proposition. After presenting Fakhr Razi and Mulla Sadrasʹ responses to this question, the writer analyses the problem of the principle of presupposition and simple questions concerning the attribution of quiddity to existence. In justifying this attribution, philosophers are divided in to two groups and the reasons provided by either group are presented in the article.