بررسي شاخص امنيت در مكان هاي تاريخي شهر شيراز از ديدگاه گردشگران

Study of security index in historical places of Shiraz City from the perspective of tourists

اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻢ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدش ﮔﺮي اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﯽ در ﺣﻮزه ﻫﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي اﺳﺖ. اﻣﻨﯿﺖ در ﻣﮑﺎن ﻫﺎي ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ از ﯾﮏ ﺳﻮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ دارﻧﺪ و از ﺳﻮي دﯾﮕﺮ ﺟﺬب ﮔﺮدش ﮔﺮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ، داراي اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ. از اﯾﻦ روش اﯾﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدش ﮔﺮي و ﺟﺬب ﮔﺮدش ﮔﺮ اﯾﻔﺎء ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ در ﻣﮑﺎن ﻫﺎي ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ از دﯾﺪﮔﺎه ﮔﺮدش ﮔﺮان در ﺷﻬﺮ ﺷﯿﺮاز اﺳﺖ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﮔﺮدآوري داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ اﺑﺰار ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ اﺳﺖ. رواﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ ﺑﯿﺶ ﺗﺮ از 0/78 ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﺷﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ را ﮔﺮدش ﮔﺮان ﺷﻬﺮ ﺷﯿﺮاز ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ داده اﻧﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺒﻮد آﻣﺎر دﻗﯿﻖ، ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ اي و ﮐﺮوﻧﺎﯾﯽ، ﺗﻌﺪاد 150 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﮔﺮي ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. آزﻣﻮن ﻫﺎي آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ، ﺗﯽ ﺗﮏ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اي، ﻫﻢ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ و آﻧﻮوا ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻫﺎ در ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار اس ﭘﯽ اس اس اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ آزﻣﻮن ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ 6 ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ در ﻣﮑﺎن ﻫﺎي ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﻢ ﺗﺮ از 0/05 ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار و داراي وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ- ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 4/21 اﺳﺖ. آزﻣﻮن آﻧﻮوا ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺎن ﻣﮑﺎن ﻫﺎي ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ رواﻧﯽ )0/829(، اﻣﻨﯿﺖ رﻓﺘﺎري )0/481(، اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﺟﺎﻧﯽ )0/714(، اﻣﻨﯿﺖ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺳﺮﻗﺖ )0/939(، اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ )0/834( و اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ-ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي )0/567(، اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد و ﻫﻤﻪ آن ﻫﺎ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﯾﮑﺴﺎﻧﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﯿﺎن ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺶ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ رواﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺳﺮﻗﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ 0/784 اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮐﻠﯽ از ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻮدن ﺷﺎﺧﺺ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ در ﻣﮑﺎن ﻫﺎي ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺷﯿﺮاز اﺷﺎره دارد.

Security is one of the important indicators for development, especially tourism development. This index is influenced by various measures and programs in the economic, social and physical fields. Security in historical places on the one hand due to their characteristics and on the other hand attracting tourists at different times, is very important. In this way, this index plays an important role in tourism development and tourist attraction. The purpose of this study is to investigate the security index in historical places from the perspective of tourists in Shiraz City. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on data collection in the field through a questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed and its reliability was confirmed with Cronbach's alpha greater than 0.70. The statistical population of the study consists of tourists in Shiraz. Exact statistics in this regard are not known. Due to the lack of accurate statistics, cost and coronary restrictions, 150 people were interviewed. Analyzes were performed in SPSS software. The test results showed that 6 security variables in historical places at the level of less than 0.05 are significant and have a favorable situation. The best situation is related to the physical-physical security variable with an average of 4.21.The ANOVA test also confirmed that among historical sites in terms of security variables including psychological security (0.829), behavioral security (0.481), life security (0.714), security in the field of theft (0.939), security There was no significant difference between transportation (0.834) and physical security (0.576) and all of them had the same conditions. The study of the correlation between security variables also shows that the highest relationship between the psychological security variable and security in the field of theft is 0.784. The general result indicates the adequacy of the security index in the historical places of Shiraz City.